Kristallnacht
Nazi anti-Jewish violence
Kristallnacht, German for "night of broken glass," was a coordinated Nazi attack on Jewish communities across Germany and Austria on November 9–10, 1938.
Mobs destroyed synagogues, businesses, and homes while police stood by.
The name refers to shattered storefront windows.
The pogrom marked a turning point toward systematic persecution and is often cited as a prelude to the Holocaust.
Violent persecution of minorities
- Nazi GermanyHitler's fascist dictatorship
- Jewish persecutionDiscrimination against Jewish people
- broken glassFractured transparent fragments
- GestapoNazi secret police
Goebbels · shop windows · looting · arrests · Dachau · Buchenwald · Sachsenhausen · deportation
Violent persecution of minorities
- ethnic cleansingSystematic removal of populations
- turning pointDecisive moment of change
- warning signIndicator of potential danger
- escalationProgressive increase in intensity
scapegoating · mob violence · institutional racism · collective punishment · threshold
Systematic annihilation of a people
- preludeIntroductory piece or event
- escalationProgressive increase in intensity
- concentration campsFacilities for mass detention
- ShoahNazi extermination of Jews
racial laws · Nuremberg Laws · Jewish exodus · emigration · dispossession · confiscation · refugees · Kindertransport
Thing preserving remembrance
- remembranceAct of holding something in mind
- anniversaryRecurring memorial date
- museumPublic exhibit space
- educationSystematic development of mind
witness · testimony · survivor · vigil · ceremony · documentation · preservation · warning
pogrom
Violent persecution of minorities
- Nazi GermanyHitler's fascist dictatorship
- Jewish persecutionDiscrimination against Jewish people
- broken glassFractured transparent fragments
Gestapo · Goebbels · shop windows · looting · arrests · Dachau · Buchenwald · Sachsenhausen · deportation · arson
pogrom
Violent persecution of minorities
- ethnic cleansingSystematic removal of populations
- turning pointDecisive moment of change
- warning signIndicator of potential danger
escalation · scapegoating · mob violence · institutional racism · collective punishment · threshold
genocide
Systematic annihilation of a people
- preludeIntroductory piece or event
- escalationProgressive increase in intensity
- concentration campsFacilities for mass detention
Shoah · racial laws · Nuremberg Laws · Jewish exodus · emigration · dispossession · confiscation · refugees · Kindertransport · atrocity
memorial
Thing preserving remembrance
- remembranceAct of holding something in mind
- anniversaryRecurring memorial date
- museumPublic exhibit space
education · witness · testimony · survivor · vigil · ceremony · documentation · preservation · warning · lesson
- 20th Century HistoryWorld War I, WWI, Great Depression, Russian Revolution, Bolshevik Revolution
- WWIID-Day, Pearl Harbor, Normandy, Hiroshima, Holocaust
- German HistoryNazi, Prussia, Saxony, Reichstag, Napoleonic Wars
- HolocaustHolocaust, Auschwitz, concentration camps, Holocaust survivors, gas chambers
- Jewish HistoryHolocaust, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon
- Nazi GermanyAdolf Hitler, Hitler, Nazi, Nazis, Nazi Party
KristallnachtKindertransport
Wartime child refugee program
Schindler's List · sanctuary · shelter · refuge · safe haven
KristallnachtV-E Day
May 1945 armistice commemoration
Nuremberg Trials · Allied victory · emancipation · freedom · redemption