ribonucleic acid
Protein synthesis template
Ribonucleic acid, usually called RNA, is one of the two nucleic acids essential to all life, the other being DNA.
While DNA stores genetic information, RNA carries out instructions—transcribing genetic code and translating it into proteins.
Some viruses use RNA rather than DNA as their genetic material.
Messenger RNA vaccines work by teaching cells to produce proteins that trigger immunity.
DNA to functional product
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- replicationAct of duplicating precisely
- heredityGenetic trait transmission
chromosomes · DNA · retrovirus · RNA virus · genetic information · molecular biology · cell biology · biochemistry
Purine nucleobase in DNA
- uracilRNA pyrimidine nucleobase
- guaninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
- phosphatePO₄ ion compound
base pairing · single-stranded · double helix · backbone · purine · pyrimidine · hydrogen bond · biopolymer
Gene's working copy
- codonBase triplet encoding amino
- anticodontRNA's matching triplet
- tRNAAmino acid transporter molecule
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
protein synthesis · polypeptide · peptide bond · reading frame · transfer RNA · messenger RNA · genetic code
One who organizes events
- initiationFormal admission ceremony
- elongationIncrease in length
- terminationAct of ending something
- pre-mRNAUnspliced gene copy
splicing · exon · intron · TATA box · gene expression · nucleus · regulation · upstream
gene expression
DNA to functional product
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- replicationAct of duplicating precisely
heredity · chromosomes · DNA · retrovirus · RNA virus · genetic information · molecular biology · cell biology · biochemistry · viral genome
adenine
Purine nucleobase in DNA
- uracilRNA pyrimidine nucleobase
- guaninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
phosphate · base pairing · single-stranded · double helix · backbone · purine · pyrimidine · hydrogen bond · biopolymer · macromolecule
mRNA
Gene's working copy
ribosome · protein synthesis · polypeptide · peptide bond · reading frame · transfer RNA · messenger RNA · genetic code
promoter
One who organizes events
- initiationFormal admission ceremony
- elongationIncrease in length
- terminationAct of ending something
pre-mRNA · splicing · exon · intron · TATA box · gene expression · nucleus · regulation · upstream · downstream
mRNA
Gene's working copy
- tRNAAmino acid transporter molecule
- Transcriptiontranscript, transcriptionist, live transcription, verbatim, dictation
ribonucleic acidprotein
Folded amino chain
polypeptide · lipid · carbohydrate · polysaccharide · amino acid
acid, ribose, nucleotide, nucleic, nucleoside, nucleotides, ribonucleic, deoxyribonucleic acid, nucleic acid