xylose
Plant-derived monosaccharide
Xylose is a simple sugar found in wood and plant materials.
It has the same number of carbon atoms as ribose and appears in the breakdown of cellulose and hemicellulose.
Xylose is used in food science and diabetic products because it's poorly absorbed by the body: Xylose is converted to xylitol for sugar-free gum.
Five-carbon monosaccharide
- monosaccharideSimplest carbohydrate form
- ribosePentose in nucleotides
- deoxyriboseSugar in genetic helices
- carbohydrateSugar or starch compound
saccharide · polysaccharide · glycoside · isomer · chiral · reducing sugar · fermentation · hydrolysis
Plant wall polysaccharide
- ligninStructural plant polymer
- hardwoodDense deciduous timber
- softwoodConiferous tree lumber
- pulpSoft wet mass
papermaking · biomass · corn cobs · birch · straw · plant fiber · sawdust · woodchips
Fuel from organic sources
- bioethanolFuel from fermented plants
- fermentationMicrobial sugar conversion
- biorefineryBiomass conversion facility
- hydrolysisWater-induced bond cleavage
pretreatment · renewable · biotechnology · enzymatic · microbial · yeast
Hydrogenated carbohydrate sweetener
- low-calorieMinimal food energy content
- diabetic-friendlySuitable for those monitoring glucose
- sugar substituteNon-caloric sweetening agent
- sorbitolPolyol sweetener and humectant
mannitol · erythritol · sweetness · confectionery · chewing gum · dental health · glycemic index · polyol
Failed intestinal nutrient uptake
- breath testAlcohol detection via exhalation
- gut healthIntestinal microbiome condition
- lactose intoleranceInability to process milk sugar
- gastroenterologyStudy of digestive organs
pentose
Five-carbon monosaccharide
- monosaccharideSimplest carbohydrate form
- ribosePentose in nucleotides
- deoxyriboseSugar in genetic helices
carbohydrate · saccharide · polysaccharide · glycoside · isomer · chiral · reducing sugar · fermentation · hydrolysis · stereochemistry
cellulose
Plant wall polysaccharide
pulp · papermaking · biomass · corn cobs · birch · straw · plant fiber · sawdust · woodchips
biofuel
Fuel from organic sources
- bioethanolFuel from fermented plants
- fermentationMicrobial sugar conversion
- biorefineryBiomass conversion facility
hydrolysis · pretreatment · renewable · biotechnology · enzymatic · microbial · yeast
sugar alcohol
Hydrogenated carbohydrate sweetener
- low-calorieMinimal food energy content
- diabetic-friendlySuitable for those monitoring glucose
- sugar substituteNon-caloric sweetening agent
sorbitol · mannitol · erythritol · sweetness · confectionery · chewing gum · dental health · glycemic index · polyol · sugar-free
malabsorption
Failed intestinal nutrient uptake
- breath testAlcohol detection via exhalation
- gut healthIntestinal microbiome condition
- lactose intoleranceInability to process milk sugar