correlation

coefficient

Number multiplying a variable

• regressionReturn to former state
• PearsonAnglo surname
• r-valueTemporary, movable expression

p-value · covariance · significance · scatterplot · bivariate · multivariate · chi-square · t-test · z-score · linear

trend

Direction of change

• sequenceOrdered succession of elements
• rhythmPatterned stress and silence
• cycleRepeating sequence of events

regularity · symmetry · structure · matrix · arrangement · periodicity · oscillation · fluctuation · waveform · signal

causation

Production of effects

• confoundingCausing surprise or confusion
• spuriousFalse though appearing genuine
• coincidenceUnplanned matching of events

fallacy · illusory · misattribution · oversimplification · confound · directionality · association · covariation · mechanism · explanation

association

Group with shared aim

• connectionA joining or relation
• linkPoint of connection
• interdependenceReciprocal reliance between entities

interrelation · correspondence · parallel · affinity · tie · nexus · covariation · mutual · reciprocal · concomitant

independent

Free from external control

• dependentRequiring outside support
• covariateVariable controlled in analysis
• predictorOne who foretells events

outcome · moderator · mediator · confounding · extraneous · control · continuous · categorical · binary · ordinal

strata

Parallel geological layers

• sedimentaryFormed from deposited material
• geochronologyStudy of geological ages
• faciesDiagnostic facial appearance

unconformity · geological

• connectionslink, links, connect, connection, tie
• experimentsexperiment, experiments, test, tests, trials
• Statistical MethodsANOVA, confidence intervals, covariance, hypothesis testing, linear regression
• dimensionality reductionPCA, eigenvalues, eigenvector, loading, component
• signal analysisfrequency response, spectrogram, poles, zeros, gain
• statistics coursesprobability, biostatistics, econometrics, hypothesis testing, experimental design