craniotomy
Skull flap procedure
Craniotomy is a surgical procedure in which part of the skull is temporarily removed to access the brain.
Surgeons perform craniotomies to remove tumors, relieve pressure, repair aneurysms, or treat other brain conditions.
The bone flap is typically replaced after the procedure: The tumor was removed during a six-hour craniotomy.
Spinal cord and brain operator
- scalpelPrecise surgical knife
- incisionControlled cut into tissue
- craniotomeSurgical bone-cutting device
- sterile fieldUncontaminated surgical workspace
anesthesia · operating room · hemostasis · sutures · bone flap · retractors · irrigation · cautery
Outermost cerebral membrane
- cortexOrgan's external tissue
- gyriRaised cortical folds
- sulciCerebral cortex grooves
- meningesBrain and cord coverings
ventricles · cerebellum · brainstem · skull · hemisphere · encephalon · scalp · bone flap
Surgical skull perforation
- microsurgeryMagnified procedures on minute structures
- fluoroscopyContinuous X-ray video imaging
- endoscopeInternal examination instrument
- roboticsAutomaton design field
Restoration of health
- convalescencePost-illness healing phase
- rehabilitationRecovery from injury/addiction
- postoperativeAfter an operation
- wound careTreatment of bodily injuries
ICU · headache · swelling · follow-up · physical therapy · occupational therapy · speech therapy · bone healing
Tissue sample for diagnosis
- traumatic brain injuryBrain damage from external force
- subdural hematomaBlood between brain layers
- hydrocephalusAbnormal cranial fluid buildup
- hemorrhageProfuse discharge of blood
Pathogen invasion causing illness
- bleedingBlood loss from injury
- brain swellingFluid accumulation in cranium
- seizuresInvoluntary convulsions or takings
- strokeSudden brain blood blockage
neurosurgeon
Spinal cord and brain operator
- scalpelPrecise surgical knife
- incisionControlled cut into tissue
- craniotomeSurgical bone-cutting device
sterile field · anesthesia · operating room · hemostasis · sutures · bone flap · retractors · irrigation · cautery · closure
dura mater
Outermost cerebral membrane
meninges · ventricles · cerebellum · brainstem · skull · hemisphere · encephalon · scalp · bone flap · frontal bone
trepanation
Surgical skull perforation
- microsurgeryMagnified procedures on minute structures
- fluoroscopyContinuous X-ray video imaging
- endoscopeInternal examination instrument
healing
Restoration of health
- convalescencePost-illness healing phase
- rehabilitationRecovery from injury/addiction
- postoperativeAfter an operation
wound care · ICU · headache · swelling · follow-up · physical therapy · occupational therapy · speech therapy · bone healing · scarring
biopsy
Tissue sample for diagnosis
- traumatic brain injuryBrain damage from external force
- subdural hematomaBlood between brain layers
- hydrocephalusAbnormal cranial fluid buildup
hemorrhage · brain lesion · meningioma · glioma · metastasis
infection
Pathogen invasion causing illness
- bleedingBlood loss from injury
- brain swellingFluid accumulation in cranium
- seizuresInvoluntary convulsions or takings
stroke · hematoma · meningitis · hydrocephalus · speech impairment
- surgeriessurgery, appendectomy, hysterectomy, minor surgery, elective surgery
- surgical emergenciesappendicitis, ruptured appendix, bowel obstruction, ruptured aneurysm, internal bleeding
- neurosurgerybrain surgery, neurosurgery, brain tumor removal, deep brain stimulation, DBS
- craniotomy approachescraniectomy, interhemispheric, posterior fossa
- Neuro ICUbrain injury, brain hemorrhage, brain swelling, ICP, herniation
- neuroscience methodsfMRI, EEG, brain imaging, neuroimaging, brain mapping
craniotomythoracotomy
Surgical chest wall opening
laparotomy · laminectomy · sternotomy · amputation · nephrotomy
craniotomynon-invasive treatment
Care without penetrating body
gamma knife · medical management · pharmacotherapy · observation · watchful waiting