Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist who founded psychoanalysis in the late nineteenth century.
His theories about the unconscious mind, dream interpretation, and the role of sexuality in human development shaped twentieth-century psychology and permeated Western culture.
Freudian concepts like the Oedipus complex, repression, and the id, ego, and superego remain widely referenced, though many of his specific theories have been superseded.
A Freudian slip is an error supposedly revealing unconscious thoughts or desires.
Unfiltered verbal thought flow
- transferenceRedirecting feelings to substitutes
- countertransferenceTherapist's emotional response to patient
- resistanceCapacity to withstand force
- catharsisPurification through emotional expression
talking cure · couch · interpretation · working through · abreaction
Treatment via unconscious exploration
- unconsciousNot awake or aware
- idUnconscious instinctual drives
- egoOne's self-image
- superegoMind's moral overseer
libido · repression · defense mechanisms · Oedipus complex · psychosexual stages · oral · anal · phallic
Austrian capital
- AustriaCentral European alpine republic
- fin-de-siècleCentury's closing period
- HabsburgEuropean imperial dynasty
- JewishOf a Semitic people
bourgeoisie · coffeehouse · intellectual · modernism · Klimt · Mahler · emigration · London
Assigned meaning
- unconsciousNot awake or aware
- symbolsMarks conveying meaning
- condensationVapor turning to liquid
- displacementRemoval from usual location
dreamwork · nightmares · censorship · royal road · free association
Analytical psychology founder
- LacanFrench psychoanalytic theorist
- controversialCausing public dispute
- critiqueDetailed evaluative analysis
- pseudoscienceBogus methodology posing as factual
influence · Bloomsbury · surrealism · Dalí · cultural impact
free association
Unfiltered verbal thought flow
- transferenceRedirecting feelings to substitutes
- countertransferenceTherapist's emotional response to patient
- resistanceCapacity to withstand force
catharsis · talking cure · couch · interpretation · working through · abreaction
psychoanalysis
Treatment via unconscious exploration
- unconsciousNot awake or aware
- idUnconscious instinctual drives
- egoOne's self-image
superego · libido · repression · defense mechanisms · Oedipus complex · psychosexual stages · oral · anal · phallic · latency
Vienna
Austrian capital
- AustriaCentral European alpine republic
- fin-de-siècleCentury's closing period
- HabsburgEuropean imperial dynasty
Jewish · bourgeoisie · coffeehouse · intellectual · modernism · Klimt · Mahler · emigration · London · exile
interpretation
Assigned meaning
- unconsciousNot awake or aware
- symbolsMarks conveying meaning
- condensationVapor turning to liquid
displacement · dreamwork · nightmares · censorship · royal road · free association
Jung
Analytical psychology founder
- LacanFrench psychoanalytic theorist
- controversialCausing public dispute
- critiqueDetailed evaluative analysis
pseudoscience · influence · Bloomsbury · surrealism · Dalí · cultural impact
- AustriansMozart, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Gustav Klimt, Franz Schubert, Franz Joseph I
- Emigre IntellectualsThomas Mann, Albert Einstein, Walter Benjamin, Bertolt Brecht, Fritz Lang
- Vienna HistoryVienna Secession, Vienna Circle, Vienna Philharmonic, Gustav Klimt, Klimt
- psychoanalysisFreud, id, ego, unconscious, superego
- Psychology HistoryFreud, Carl Jung, Jung, William James, James
- psychology termsmotivation, habits, self-knowledge, stress, intuition
Sigmund FreudB.F. Skinner
Behaviorist psychologist, conditioning researcher
Ivan Pavlov · Abraham Maslow · behaviorists · behaviorism · cognitive-behavioral therapy
Sigmund FreudKarl Popper
Philosopher of scientific method
B.F. Skinner · empiricists · empiricism · falsifiability · neuroscientists
Sigmund FreudAbraham Maslow
Humanistic psychology pioneer
Jean-Paul Sartre · positive psychology · existentialists · self-actualization · logotherapy