Punic Wars
Hannibal's elephant campaigns
The Punic Wars were three conflicts between Rome and Carthage (264–146 BCE) that established Roman dominance over the western Mediterranean.
The name comes from the Latin word for Phoenician, reflecting Carthage's origins.
The wars produced Hannibal's famous Alpine crossing with elephants and ended with Carthage's complete destruction.
Methods to achieve goals
- strategyPlanned approach to goals
- logisticsCoordination of complex activities
- supply linesRoutes for transporting provisions
- infantryGround combat troops
cavalry · phalanx · elephants · fortification · generalship · campaign · reinforcements · flanking
- MarcellusRoman masculine name
- legionsGreat many, or armies
- SenateLegislative body, often bicameral's elder
- consulDiplomat in foreign city
dictator · triumph · Centurion · maniple · Republic · Latin · corvus · praetor
Ancient North African battleground
- SyracuseCity in two eras
- encirclementSurrounding enemy forces completely
- annihilationUtter, complete destruction
- double envelopmentTwo-sided flanking maneuver
ambush · rout · casualties · siege · naval engagement
Three-banked ancient warship
- galleyOnboard food preparation area
- rammingStriking with violent impact
- corvusRoman naval assault bridge
- fleetVehicles under unified command
blockade · dockyard · oarsmen · maritime · boarding · naval supremacy · sea battle · Sicily
Soldiers paid to fight
Hellenistic military historian
- LivyLatin historian of antiquity
- historiographyStudy of history-writing
- antiquityGreat age, ancient era
- classicalOf ancient Greece/Rome
primary sources · ancient warfare · treaty · reparations · territorial expansion · historical accounts
Mediterranean's biggest island
- SardiniaItalian autonomous island region
- CorsicaFrench Mediterranean island
- HispaniaRoman name for Spain
- AlpsEuropean mountain system
Italy · North Africa · Mediterranean · Balearic Islands · Syracuse
tactics
Methods to achieve goals
- strategyPlanned approach to goals
- logisticsCoordination of complex activities
- supply linesRoutes for transporting provisions
infantry · cavalry · phalanx · elephants · fortification · generalship · campaign · reinforcements · flanking · terrain
Scipio Africanus
- MarcellusRoman masculine name
- legionsGreat many, or armies
- SenateLegislative body, often bicameral's elder
consul · dictator · triumph · Centurion · maniple · Republic · Latin · corvus · praetor
Zama
Ancient North African battleground
- SyracuseCity in two eras
- encirclementSurrounding enemy forces completely
- annihilationUtter, complete destruction
double envelopment · ambush · rout · casualties · siege · naval engagement
trireme
Three-banked ancient warship
- galleyOnboard food preparation area
- rammingStriking with violent impact
- corvusRoman naval assault bridge
fleet · blockade · dockyard · oarsmen · maritime · boarding · naval supremacy · sea battle · Sicily · Mediterranean
mercenaries
Soldiers paid to fight
Polybius
Hellenistic military historian
- LivyLatin historian of antiquity
- historiographyStudy of history-writing
- antiquityGreat age, ancient era
classical · primary sources · ancient warfare · treaty · reparations · territorial expansion · historical accounts
Sicily
Mediterranean's biggest island
- SardiniaItalian autonomous island region
- CorsicaFrench Mediterranean island
- HispaniaRoman name for Spain
Alps · Italy · North Africa · Mediterranean · Balearic Islands · Syracuse
- ancient worldancient Greece, ancient Rome, ancient Egypt, pyramids, pyramid
- WarsWWI, Yugoslav Wars, Napoleonic Wars, civil wars, Opium Wars
- Ancient MediterraneanGreek influence, treaties, alliances, colonization, conquests
- Ancient AfricaEgypt, Nubia, Kush, pharaoh, pharaohs
- ancient naviestrireme, bireme, galley, Greek fire, corvus
- Ancient WarsPersian Wars, Gallic Wars, civil wars
Punic WarsPax Romana
Imperial era of stability
peacetime · diplomatic accord · diplomatic relations · trade agreements · armistice