gynecology
Female reproductive specialty
Gynecology is the branch of medicine dealing with the female reproductive system—the uterus, ovaries, vagina, and related organs.
A gynecologist diagnoses and treats conditions like endometriosis, ovarian cysts, and cervical cancer, and provides routine care including pelvic exams and Pap smears.
The field often overlaps with obstetrics, which focuses on pregnancy and childbirth.
Female reproductive organ
- ovariesEgg-producing organs
- cervixUterine opening to vagina
- fallopian tubesDucts linking ovaries to womb
- vaginaInternal female reproductive canal
vulva · endometrium · labia · clitoris · hymen · perineum · pelvic floor · reproductive tract
Monthly female reproductive process
- ovulationEgg discharge from ovary
- estrogenFemale reproductive hormone
- progesteroneOvarian steroid supporting gestation
- menarcheOnset of menstruation
menopause · hormonal balance · fertility · ovarian reserve · menstruation · implantation · cervical mucus · reproductive hormones
Internal reproductive organ inspection
- colposcopyMagnified gynecological tissue examination
- hysteroscopyInternal uterine visual exam
- laparoscopyMinimally invasive abdominal examination
- hysterectomyExcision of the uterus
curettage · cervical biopsy · myomectomy · ablation · cryotherapy
Displaced uterine tissue condition
- fibroidsBenign uterine tumors
- ovarian cystFluid-filled growth on gonad
- polycystic ovary syndromeEndocrine disorder affecting fertility
- vaginitisInflammation of vaginal tissue
amenorrhea · dysmenorrhea · candidiasis · thrush · lichen sclerosus
Carrying developing offspring
- prenatal careMedical oversight for expectant mothers
- laborStrenuous effort; also childbirth
- deliveryConveyance of goods
- cesareanSurgical childbirth method
postpartum · midwife · obstetrician · gestation · trimester · amniocentesis · placenta · fetal monitoring
Breast cancer screening X-ray
- mammogramBreast tissue X-ray
- HPV vaccineImmunization against papillomavirus
- breast examMedical check for lumps
- ultrasoundInaudible high-frequency waves
Pregnancy prevention measures
- fertility treatmentMedical help conceiving
- hormone therapyTreatment using body's messengers
- IVFLaboratory-aided conception method
- birth controlPreventing conception intentionally
family planning · infertility · assisted reproduction · tubal ligation · egg freezing
Malignancy of the womb's opening
- ovarian cancerMalignancy of egg-producing glands
- uterine cancerMalignancy of the womb
- chemotherapyAnti-cancer drug treatment
- radiation therapyIonizing beams treating malignancies
uterus
Female reproductive organ
- ovariesEgg-producing organs
- cervixUterine opening to vagina
- fallopian tubesDucts linking ovaries to womb
vagina · vulva · endometrium · labia · clitoris · hymen · perineum · pelvic floor · reproductive tract · ovarian follicles
menstrual cycle
Monthly female reproductive process
- ovulationEgg discharge from ovary
- estrogenFemale reproductive hormone
- progesteroneOvarian steroid supporting gestation
menarche · menopause · hormonal balance · fertility · ovarian reserve · menstruation · implantation · cervical mucus · reproductive hormones · perimenopause
pelvic exam
Internal reproductive organ inspection
- colposcopyMagnified gynecological tissue examination
- hysteroscopyInternal uterine visual exam
- laparoscopyMinimally invasive abdominal examination
hysterectomy · curettage · cervical biopsy · myomectomy · ablation · cryotherapy
endometriosis
Displaced uterine tissue condition
- fibroidsBenign uterine tumors
- ovarian cystFluid-filled growth on gonad
- polycystic ovary syndromeEndocrine disorder affecting fertility
vaginitis · amenorrhea · dysmenorrhea · candidiasis · thrush · lichen sclerosus
pregnancy
Carrying developing offspring
- prenatal careMedical oversight for expectant mothers
- laborStrenuous effort; also childbirth
- deliveryConveyance of goods
cesarean · postpartum · midwife · obstetrician · gestation · trimester · amniocentesis · placenta · fetal monitoring · epidural
mammography
Breast cancer screening X-ray
- mammogramBreast tissue X-ray
- HPV vaccineImmunization against papillomavirus
- breast examMedical check for lumps
contraception
Pregnancy prevention measures
- fertility treatmentMedical help conceiving
- hormone therapyTreatment using body's messengers
- IVFLaboratory-aided conception method
birth control · family planning · infertility · assisted reproduction · tubal ligation · egg freezing
cervical cancer
Malignancy of the womb's opening
- ovarian cancerMalignancy of egg-producing glands
- uterine cancerMalignancy of the womb
- chemotherapyAnti-cancer drug treatment
- hospitalshospital, ER, emergency room, ICU, operating room
- healthcaredoctors, nurses, hospitals, hospital, clinic
- medicinedoctor, doctors, hospital, medicine, surgery
- Biomedicineanatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, immunology
- ologiesbiology, geology, psychology, sociology, ecology
- specialtiescardiology, dermatology, neurology, oncology, pediatrics