deinstitutionalization
Closing mental hospitals
Deinstitutionalization is the process of moving people out of large institutions—especially psychiatric hospitals, asylums, or long-term care facilities—into community-based settings or independent living.
The term emerged in the mid-20th century as mental health policy shifted away from warehousing patients in state hospitals: Deinstitutionalization promised better care but often left former patients homeless.
Critics argue that without adequate community support, deinstitutionalization simply transferred problems from hospitals to streets and jails.
Lacking permanent residence
- incarcerationConfinement in jail
- neglectFailure to provide care
- underfundingInadequate monetary allocation
- recidivismHabitual return to crime
criminalization · unhoused · shelter · street · jail · prison · abandonment · vulnerable
Release of substance outward
- releaseTo let go
- aftercarePost-procedure recovery support
- outpatientTreated without admission
- follow-upSubsequent action on something
readjustment · reintegration · therapy · counseling · step-down
Being made part
- integrationCombining into a whole
- mainstreamingIncluding in standard settings
- neighborhoodResidential area nearby
- participationAct of taking part
Control over one's fate
- empowermentGaining authority or confidence
- independenceFreedom from external control
- choiceAct of selecting
- agencyPower to act
rights · dignity · self-sufficiency · consent · freedom · self-advocacy · normalization · self-direction
Official enactment of statutes
- MedicaidPublic health coverage for poor
- MedicareFederal senior health program
- fundingSupplying monetary resources
- cutbacksReductions in spending
privatization · oversight · regulation · advocacy · mandate · budget · waiver · compliance
Preformed unfavorable opinion
- discriminationUnjust differential treatment
- labelingAssigning identifying markers
- stereotypeFixed oversimplified notion
- biasUnfair inclination or prejudice
shame · ostracism · marginalization · exclusion · misconception · misunderstanding · NIMBY · judgment
homelessness
Lacking permanent residence
- incarcerationConfinement in jail
- neglectFailure to provide care
- underfundingInadequate monetary allocation
recidivism · criminalization · unhoused · shelter · street · jail · prison · abandonment · vulnerable · marginalized
discharge
Release of substance outward
- releaseTo let go
- aftercarePost-procedure recovery support
- outpatientTreated without admission
follow-up · readjustment · reintegration · therapy · counseling · step-down
inclusion
Being made part
- integrationCombining into a whole
- mainstreamingIncluding in standard settings
- neighborhoodResidential area nearby
participation · belonging · person-centered · interdependence
self-determination
Control over one's fate
- empowermentGaining authority or confidence
- independenceFreedom from external control
- choiceAct of selecting
agency · rights · dignity · self-sufficiency · consent · freedom · self-advocacy · normalization · self-direction · decision-making
legislation
Official enactment of statutes
- MedicaidPublic health coverage for poor
- MedicareFederal senior health program
- fundingSupplying monetary resources
cutbacks · privatization · oversight · regulation · advocacy · mandate · budget · waiver · compliance · implementation
prejudice
Preformed unfavorable opinion
- discriminationUnjust differential treatment
- labelingAssigning identifying markers
- stereotypeFixed oversimplified notion
bias · shame · ostracism · marginalization · exclusion · misconception · misunderstanding · NIMBY · judgment · taboo
- mental healthpsychiatry, psychotherapy, mental illness, psychiatrist, therapist
- disabilitydisability rights, disability culture, disability activism, disability services, disability identity
- Psychology HistoryFreud, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Jung, William James
- mental health policymental health courts, involuntary commitment, crisis intervention, suicide prevention, community care
- Psychiatry Critiqueanti-psychiatry, overmedicating, overdiagnosis, involuntary treatment, involuntary commitment
- community mental healthcommunity mental health, mental health services, mental health centers, mental health clinics, outpatient care
deinstitutionalizationinstitutionalization
Establishing as norm or standard
institutionalisation · incarceration · commitment · confinement · involuntary commitment
deinstitutionalize, deinstitutionalized, deinstitutionalizing, institutionalization, institutionalize, institutionalized, institutionalizing, institutional, institutionally