core samples
Extracted geological cylinders
Core samples are cylindrical sections extracted from the earth, ice, or other materials by drilling.
Geologists take core samples to study underground rock formations.
Ice cores reveal climate history through trapped air bubbles.
The technique provides a cross-sectional view of layered materials without disturbing surrounding areas: The core samples showed evidence of ancient volcanic activity.
Hole-making by rotation
- boreholeDrilled underground passage
- rigEquipment arrangement or vehicle
- drill bitRotating hole-cutting attachment
- coringRemoving central portion
sediment · bedrock · cylinder · tube · depth · subsurface · offshore · onshore
Stacked levels or coatings
- strataParallel geological layers
- sedimentParticles settling in liquid
- laminationsLayered sheet bonding
- superpositionCoexisting in multiple states
facies · deposition · chronology · correlation · sequence · horizons · bedding · cross-section
Decaying carbon isotope
- geochronologyStudy of geological ages
- isotopesAtomic number twins
- carbon datingIsotope-based age measurement
- radiometric datingAge measurement via atomic decay
half-life · uranium-lead · potassium-argon · luminescence · fossils · microfossils · diatoms · spores
Study of geological deposits
- mineralogyScience of inorganic solids
- geochemistryEarth's chemical makeup science
- petrologyScientific study of rocks
- compositionArranged elements forming whole
grain size · porosity · permeability · crystalline · volcanic ash · tephra · mineral content · thin section
Facility for scientific investigation
- microscopyTechnique using powerful lenses
- analysisMethodical study of parts
- scientistsSystematic knowledge seekers
- methodologyFormal procedural framework
publication · findings · data · preservation · storage · repository · archives · contamination
Ice sheet spreading process
- paleoclimatePast geological climate conditions
- oxygen isotopesNuclear variants of element eight
- air bubblesGas trapped in liquid
- snowfallPrecipitation of frozen crystals
drilling
Hole-making by rotation
- boreholeDrilled underground passage
- rigEquipment arrangement or vehicle
- drill bitRotating hole-cutting attachment
coring · sediment · bedrock · cylinder · tube · depth · subsurface · offshore · onshore · drillship
layers
Stacked levels or coatings
- strataParallel geological layers
- sedimentParticles settling in liquid
- laminationsLayered sheet bonding
superposition · facies · deposition · chronology · correlation · sequence · horizons · bedding · cross-section · profile
radiocarbon
Decaying carbon isotope
- geochronologyStudy of geological ages
- isotopesAtomic number twins
- carbon datingIsotope-based age measurement
radiometric dating · half-life · uranium-lead · potassium-argon · luminescence · fossils · microfossils · diatoms · spores · tree rings
sedimentology
Study of geological deposits
- mineralogyScience of inorganic solids
- geochemistryEarth's chemical makeup science
- petrologyScientific study of rocks
composition · grain size · porosity · permeability · crystalline · volcanic ash · tephra · mineral content · thin section · texture
laboratory
Facility for scientific investigation
- microscopyTechnique using powerful lenses
- analysisMethodical study of parts
- scientistsSystematic knowledge seekers
methodology · publication · findings · data · preservation · storage · repository · archives · contamination · protocols
glaciation
Ice sheet spreading process
- paleoclimatePast geological climate conditions
- oxygen isotopesNuclear variants of element eight
- air bubblesGas trapped in liquid
- ArcticArctic Circle, Arctic Ocean, Arctic wildlife, Arctic exploration, Arctic research
- earth scienceatmosphere, earthquake, geology, volcano, crust
- geologybedrock, fault lines, faults, rock, basalt
- geology termsfossils, rock layers, schist, gneiss, strata
- minemine shaft, adit, drift, crosscut, raise
- fieldworkfieldwork, field work, field journal, field guide, field study
core samplesremote sensing
Gathering data without contact
satellite imagery · aerial photography · spectral analysis · theoretical models · computer simulations
core, sample, samples, sampling, cores, sampled, sampler, samplers, core sample