core sample
Drilled earth cylinder
A core sample is a cylindrical section extracted from rock, ice, soil, or other material using a hollow drill.
Scientists analyze core samples to study geological history, climate patterns, or structural composition: The ice core sample revealed atmospheric conditions from 10,000 years ago.
In construction, core samples test concrete strength.
Hole-making by rotation
- boreholeDrilled underground passage
- augerSpiral hole-maker
- drill bitRotating hole-cutting attachment
- retrievalAct of getting back
tube · cylinder · penetration · depth · subsurface · downhole · rotary · hollow
Particles settling in liquid
- strataParallel geological layers
- bedrockSolid stone underground
- mineralogyScience of inorganic solids
- petrologyScientific study of rocks
basalt · carbonate · shale · sandstone · granite · mantle · crust · igneous
Stacked levels or coatings
- laminationsLayered sheet bonding
- beddingMaterials covering a mattress
- horizonsApparent earth-sky boundaries
- sequenceOrdered succession of elements
deposition · superposition · facies · interfaces · gradation · unconformity · cross-section · banding
Atomic number twins
- oxygen-18Heavier oxygen isotope
- temperature recordDocumented weather extreme
- glacial cyclesRepeating planetary cooling periods
- interglacialEpoch between major freezes
Pleistocene · Holocene · tree rings · Greenland · Antarctica · Vostok
Facility for scientific investigation
- microscopeInstrument for viewing minute objects
- thin sectionRock sliver for microscopy
- spectroscopyStudy of light-matter interaction
- datingPursuing romantic connections
radiocarbon · methodology · measurement · data · interpretation · cross-contamination · preservation · storage
drilling
Hole-making by rotation
retrieval · tube · cylinder · penetration · depth · subsurface · downhole · rotary · hollow · sleeve
sediment
Particles settling in liquid
- strataParallel geological layers
- bedrockSolid stone underground
- mineralogyScience of inorganic solids
petrology · basalt · carbonate · shale · sandstone · granite · mantle · crust · igneous · metamorphic
layers
Stacked levels or coatings
- laminationsLayered sheet bonding
- beddingMaterials covering a mattress
- horizonsApparent earth-sky boundaries
sequence · deposition · superposition · facies · interfaces · gradation · unconformity · cross-section · banding · chronology
isotopes
Atomic number twins
- oxygen-18Heavier oxygen isotope
- temperature recordDocumented weather extreme
- glacial cyclesRepeating planetary cooling periods
interglacial · Pleistocene · Holocene · tree rings · Greenland · Antarctica · Vostok
laboratory
Facility for scientific investigation
- microscopeInstrument for viewing minute objects
- thin sectionRock sliver for microscopy
- spectroscopyStudy of light-matter interaction
dating · radiocarbon · methodology · measurement · data · interpretation · cross-contamination · preservation · storage · logging
- soil testspH test, pH testing, lead test, lead testing, lab analysis
- mininggold, mines, gold mines, mine, coal
- Coresnucleus, kernel, center
- Samplesfabric swatch, paint swatch, specimen, swab, smear
- geology termsfossils, rock layers, schist, gneiss, strata
- oil industrypetroleum, oil fields, oil well, oil rig, oil production