biosensors
Living detection devices
Biosensors are devices that detect biological substances by converting a biological response into an electrical or optical signal.
They combine a biological component—an enzyme, antibody, or DNA strand—with a physical detector.
Glucose monitors for diabetics are the most familiar example.
Biosensors have applications in medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety testing.
Responsiveness to stimuli
- specificityExactness of detail
- selectivityTendency to choose carefully
- transductionSignal or energy transformation
- recognitionPerceiving something as known
signal · affinity · probe · target · amplification · response · transducer · quantification
Primary cellular fuel
- wearableAble to be worn
- implantableCapable of bodily insertion
- biomarkersMeasurable disease indicators
- diagnosticsMethods identifying problems
cholesterol · metabolites · electrolytes · blood · saliva · sweat · urine · cardiac
Conductive interface point
- nanotechnologyAtomic-scale manipulation science
- lab-on-a-chipMiniaturized diagnostic analysis platform
- transducerEnergy form converter
- miniaturizationReducing physical scale significantly
portability · piezoelectric · optical · substrate · membrane · chip · array · nanowire
Adjusting for measurement accuracy
- accuracyDegree of correctness
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
- quantitativeConcerning measurable amounts
- validationConfirming truth or accuracy
measurement · data · algorithm · bioinformatics · metrics · reproducibility · linearity · baseline
Protein that hastens reactions
- antibodyProtein targeting foreign substances
- DNAHereditary code molecule
- RNAGene expression molecule
- proteinFolded amino chain
antigen · receptor · peptide · lectin · microbial · hybridization · CRISPR · immobilization
Environmental harm from waste
- soilGround matter for planting
- toxinsHarmful biological substances
- pesticidesChemicals destroying harmful organisms
- pathogensDisease-causing microorganisms
contaminants · algae · nitrates · phosphates · eutrophication · groundwater · effluent · bioremediation
sensitivity
Responsiveness to stimuli
- specificityExactness of detail
- selectivityTendency to choose carefully
- transductionSignal or energy transformation
recognition · signal · affinity · probe · target · amplification · response · transducer · quantification · assay
glucose
Primary cellular fuel
- wearableAble to be worn
- implantableCapable of bodily insertion
- biomarkersMeasurable disease indicators
diagnostics · cholesterol · metabolites · electrolytes · blood · saliva · sweat · urine · cardiac · lactate
electrode
Conductive interface point
- nanotechnologyAtomic-scale manipulation science
- lab-on-a-chipMiniaturized diagnostic analysis platform
- transducerEnergy form converter
miniaturization · portability · piezoelectric · optical · substrate · membrane · chip · array · nanowire · nanoparticle
calibration
Adjusting for measurement accuracy
- accuracyDegree of correctness
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
- quantitativeConcerning measurable amounts
validation · measurement · data · algorithm · bioinformatics · metrics · reproducibility · linearity · baseline · noise
enzyme
Protein that hastens reactions
protein · antigen · receptor · peptide · lectin · microbial · hybridization · CRISPR · immobilization · biocatalyst
pollution
Environmental harm from waste
- soilGround matter for planting
- toxinsHarmful biological substances
- pesticidesChemicals destroying harmful organisms
pathogens · contaminants · algae · nitrates · phosphates · eutrophication · groundwater · effluent · bioremediation · aquaculture
- Medical Advancespenicillin, vaccine, X-ray, insulin pump, pacemaker
- medical testsblood test, blood tests, CT scan, X-ray, urine tests
- medical devicespacemaker, defibrillator, AED, ventilator, CT scanner
- biometricsfingerprints, fingerprint scan, iris scan, face recognition, palm print
- Frontier Techquantum computing, AI, nanotechnology, biotechnology, robotics
- lab equipmentmicroscope, microscopes, beaker, beakers, test tube
biosensorsthermocouples
Heat-sensing wire junctions
accelerometers · optical sensors · pressure gauges · magnetometers
biosensorsmercury thermometers
Liquid-metal temperature instruments
spring scales · barometers · ruler · measuring tape · sundial