Orange Free State
Former Transvaal neighbor
The Orange Free State was a Boer republic in southern Africa from 1854 to 1902, later a province of South Africa until 1994.
Named for the Orange River and the Dutch House of Orange, it was one of two independent Afrikaner states conquered by Britain in the Second Boer War.
Now called Free State province.
The eighteen hundreds
- Anglo-Boer WarColonial southern African struggle
- British EmpireVast colonial domain
- annexationAbsorbing territory into jurisdiction
- independenceFreedom from external control
republic · sovereignty · treaty · statehood · diamonds · Kimberley · colonialism · goldfields
Dutch-heritage South African
- TransvaalHistoric South African province
- burgherProsperous urban resident
- commandoSpecial operations soldier
- veldAfrican open grassland
Afrikaans · Cape Dutch · farmstead · Pretoria · laager · Boer War
Broad, level grasslands
- KimberleyAustralian wilderness region
- BethlehemNativity's traditional setting
- grasslandsOpen grassy terrain
- maizeCob-bearing cereal crop
One's native land
- apartheidRacial separation policy
- segregationForced separation by group
- SharpevilleApartheid-era massacre location
- pass lawsFormally adopt binding rules
Group Areas Act · township · forced removals · democratic transition
19th century
The eighteen hundreds
- Anglo-Boer WarColonial southern African struggle
- British EmpireVast colonial domain
- annexationAbsorbing territory into jurisdiction
independence · republic · sovereignty · treaty · statehood · diamonds · Kimberley · colonialism · goldfields · 1854
Afrikaner
Dutch-heritage South African
- TransvaalHistoric South African province
- burgherProsperous urban resident
- commandoSpecial operations soldier
veld · Afrikaans · Cape Dutch · farmstead · Pretoria · laager · Boer War
plains
Broad, level grasslands
- KimberleyAustralian wilderness region
- BethlehemNativity's traditional setting
- grasslandsOpen grassy terrain
maize · cattle · sheep farming · agriculture
homeland
One's native land
- apartheidRacial separation policy
- segregationForced separation by group
- SharpevilleApartheid-era massacre location
pass laws · Group Areas Act · township · forced removals · democratic transition
- South AfricaCape Town, Johannesburg, Nelson Mandela, Pretoria, Durban
- 1800s NationsFrance, Britain, Russia, Prussia, Austria
- Former StatesPrussia, Czechoslovakia, Austria-Hungary, Soviet Union, Byzantine Empire
- British EmpireIndia, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong
- Boer WarBoer War, Transvaal, concentration camps, scorched earth, Pretoria
- colonial AfricaBelgian Congo, Ghana, Gold Coast, Freetown, Lagos