pass laws
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Pass laws were South African regulations that controlled the movement of Black citizens during apartheid.
These laws required Black South Africans to carry identification documents (passes) at all times and restricted where they could live, work, and travel.
Failure to produce a pass on demand could result in arrest and imprisonment.
The pass laws were central to enforcing racial segregation until their repeal in 1986.
- apartheidRacial separation policy
- passbooksDeposit account records
- segregationForced separation by group
- permitsGrants formal authorization
- racial hierarchyRanking groups by ancestry
Nelson Mandela · racial classification · homelands · forced removals · Soweto uprising · Group Areas Act · inequality · disenfranchisement · border controls · identification cards · boycotts · anti-apartheid movement · systemic oppression · international sanctions · reference books · identity documents · curfews · checkpoints
- South AfricaCape Town, Johannesburg, Nelson Mandela, Pretoria, Durban
- Apartheidapartheid, Group Areas Act, passbook, passbooks, racial segregation
- oppressionoppression, tyranny, racism, repression, secret police
- South African Historyapartheid, Nelson Mandela, Mandela, Soweto, Sharpeville
- slave lawsslave code, slave codes, Code Noir, Fugitive Slave Act, inheritance rules
- colonialismcolony, colonization, colonial rule, colonial powers, colonizer