cardiac output
Blood pumped minutely
Cardiac output is the volume of blood the heart pumps per unit of time, typically measured in liters per minute.
It's calculated by multiplying heart rate by stroke volume—the amount pumped with each beat.
Cardiac output increases during exercise and decreases during rest.
The measure is fundamental in cardiology for assessing heart function: The patient's cardiac output was dangerously low.
Cardiac contractions per minute
- preloadInstall in advance
- afterloadArterial opposition to ejection
- contractilityAbility to shorten actively
- systoleHeart muscle contraction phase
Movement through vessels
- perfusionFluid delivery to tissue
- aortaChief arterial trunk
- pulmonary arteryHeart-to-lung blood channel
- oxygen deliveryProviding breathable gas medically
Hollow organ chamber
- atriumRoofed central hall
- left ventricleHeart's systemic pumping chamber
- right ventricleLower chamber supplying lungs
- aortic valveHeart's arterial flap
mitral valve · septum · endocardium · coronary arteries · tricuspid valve
Inadequate blood pumping condition
- cardiomyopathyHeart muscle disorder
- shockViolent sudden disturbance
- septic shockSevere infection causing collapse
- arrhythmiaAbnormal cardiac rhythm
Body's oxygen utilization limit
- VO2 maxPeak oxygen consumption rate
- enduranceSustained effort capacity
- oxygen consumptionRate of breathing gas
- exertionVigorous physical effort
cardiovascular fitness · athletic performance · recovery · workload · stress testing
heart rate
Cardiac contractions per minute
- preloadInstall in advance
- afterloadArterial opposition to ejection
- contractilityAbility to shorten actively
blood flow
Movement through vessels
- perfusionFluid delivery to tissue
- aortaChief arterial trunk
- pulmonary arteryHeart-to-lung blood channel
ventricle
Hollow organ chamber
- atriumRoofed central hall
- left ventricleHeart's systemic pumping chamber
- right ventricleLower chamber supplying lungs
aortic valve · mitral valve · septum · endocardium · coronary arteries · tricuspid valve
heart failure
Inadequate blood pumping condition
- cardiomyopathyHeart muscle disorder
- shockViolent sudden disturbance
- septic shockSevere infection causing collapse
aerobic capacity
Body's oxygen utilization limit
- VO2 maxPeak oxygen consumption rate
- enduranceSustained effort capacity
- oxygen consumptionRate of breathing gas
exertion · cardiovascular fitness · athletic performance · recovery · workload · stress testing
echocardiography
Ultrasound imaging of heart
- DopplerMotion-caused frequency change
cardiac outputblood pressure
Circulatory force measurement
heart rhythm · cardiac rhythm · arterial pressure · heart rate · electrocardiogram
output, cardiac, tachycardia, myocardial, myocardium, bradycardia, endocarditis, pericardium, pericarditis