boson
Integer spin particle
A boson is a subatomic particle that carries force between other particles.
Photons, gluons, and the Higgs boson are examples—they mediate electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and mass-giving interactions respectively.
Bosons follow different statistical rules than matter particles (fermions), allowing unlimited numbers to occupy the same quantum state.
Named after physicist Satyendra Nath Bose.
Electromagnetic radiation unit
- gravitonHypothetical gravity-carrying particle
- mediatorNeutral conflict resolver
- fundamental forceIrreducible physical interaction type
- electromagnetismForce linking charge and magnetism
strong force · weak force · interaction · virtual particle · coupling · field theory · QED · propagator
Rapid rotation around axis
- statisticsCollected numerical information
- fermionHalf-integer spin particle
- photonElectromagnetic radiation unit
- mesonQuark-antiquark bound state
pion · composite · elementary · antiparticle · quantum number · symmetry
Quantity of matter
- CERNEuropean nuclear research organization
- LHCMassive subatomic collision facility
- scalarQuantity with magnitude only
- fieldArea of specialty
mechanism · collider · discovery · Nobel Prize · particle accelerator · detection
Quantum state, zero viscosity
- superconductivityLossless current flow phenomenon
- helium-4Stable helium isotope
- coherenceLogical internal consistency
- ultracoldExtremely low in temperature
rubidium · sodium · phase transition · condensation · collective behavior
Quantum state's mathematical representation
- superpositionCoexisting in multiple states
- entanglementState of being intertwined
- quantizationConversion to discrete values
- quantum stateSubatomic system's complete description
commutation · bunching · quantum information · indistinguishability
photon
Electromagnetic radiation unit
- gravitonHypothetical gravity-carrying particle
- mediatorNeutral conflict resolver
- fundamental forceIrreducible physical interaction type
electromagnetism · strong force · weak force · interaction · virtual particle · coupling · field theory · QED · propagator
spin
Rapid rotation around axis
- statisticsCollected numerical information
- fermionHalf-integer spin particle
- photonElectromagnetic radiation unit
meson · pion · composite · elementary · antiparticle · quantum number · symmetry
mass
Quantity of matter
- CERNEuropean nuclear research organization
- LHCMassive subatomic collision facility
- scalarQuantity with magnitude only
field · mechanism · collider · discovery · Nobel Prize · particle accelerator · detection
superfluidity
Quantum state, zero viscosity
- superconductivityLossless current flow phenomenon
- helium-4Stable helium isotope
- coherenceLogical internal consistency
ultracold · rubidium · sodium · phase transition · condensation · collective behavior
wavefunction
Quantum state's mathematical representation
- superpositionCoexisting in multiple states
- entanglementState of being intertwined
- quantizationConversion to discrete values
quantum state · commutation · bunching · quantum information · indistinguishability
- physicsphysics, momentum, atom, acceleration, gravity
- particleselectrons, electron, protons, proton, neutrons
- Fundamental Physicsgravity, electromagnetism, strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force
- particle physicsquark, quarks, lepton, leptons, fermion
- atomic physicsatom, atoms, atomic nucleus, electron, atomic number
- Nuclearnuclear reactor, atomic bomb, nuclear energy, atomic bombs, uranium