alkene
Double-bonded carbon chain
An alkene is a hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
The simplest is ethylene, used to make plastics and ripen fruit.
Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes (which have only single bonds) because the double bond readily participates in chemical reactions: Alkenes undergo addition reactions with hydrogen.
Joining quantities mathematically
- hydrogenationBonding hydrogen to compounds
- hydrationBodily fluid replenishment
- polymerizationMonomers bonding into chains
- MarkovnikovAlkene addition regiochemistry predictor
anti-Markovnikov · bromination · oxidation · anti · mechanism · intermediate · nucleophile · electrophile
Two shared electron pairs
- unsaturatedNot fully saturated
- cis-transIsomer position descriptors
- pi bondLateral electron density sharing
- planarOf a flat surface
stereochemistry · vinyl · conjugated · isolated · cumulated · terminal · internal · diene
Simplest alkene, C₂H₄
- propyleneUnsaturated three-carbon hydrocarbon
- butyleneC4H8 hydrocarbon gas
- butadieneConjugated four-carbon diene
- styreneAromatic hydrocarbon for plastics
isoprene · acetylene · vinyl chloride · ethene · propene · butene · hexene · limonene
Monomers bonding into chains
- polyethyleneThermoplastic from ethylene gas
- polypropyleneVersatile thermoplastic resin
- plasticsMoldable petroleum-based materials
- rubberElastic polymer from trees
elastomers · monomer · copolymer · Ziegler-Natta · cracking · refinery · petrochemicals · synthetic
addition
Joining quantities mathematically
- hydrogenationBonding hydrogen to compounds
- hydrationBodily fluid replenishment
- polymerizationMonomers bonding into chains
Markovnikov · anti-Markovnikov · bromination · oxidation · anti · mechanism · intermediate · nucleophile · electrophile · catalyst
double bond
Two shared electron pairs
- unsaturatedNot fully saturated
- cis-transIsomer position descriptors
- pi bondLateral electron density sharing
planar · stereochemistry · vinyl · conjugated · isolated · cumulated · terminal · internal · diene · trans
ethylene
Simplest alkene, C₂H₄
- propyleneUnsaturated three-carbon hydrocarbon
- butyleneC4H8 hydrocarbon gas
- butadieneConjugated four-carbon diene
styrene · isoprene · acetylene · vinyl chloride · ethene · propene · butene · hexene · limonene
polymerization
Monomers bonding into chains
- polyethyleneThermoplastic from ethylene gas
- polypropyleneVersatile thermoplastic resin
- plasticsMoldable petroleum-based materials
rubber · elastomers · monomer · copolymer · Ziegler-Natta · cracking · refinery · petrochemicals · synthetic · manufacturing
alcohol
Intoxicating hydroxyl compound
- aldehydeCarbonyl bonded to hydrogen
- ketoneCarbonyl between two carbons
- esterAlkoxy-substituted acid derivative
ether · amine · alkyne · aromatic · carbonyl · hydroxyl · epoxide · halide · transformation · derivative
- chemicalschemicals, compounds, acids, reagents, solutions
- organic compoundshydrocarbon, alcohol, ethane, propane, butane
- ligandschloro, carbonyl, azide, aqua, bromide
- unsaturated bondsdouble bond, triple bond, pi bond, unsaturation, alkyne
- unsaturated fatsmonounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-3, omega-6, omega-9
- chemical groupsmethyl, amino, ethyl, carboxyl, phenyl