Celtiberians
Pre-Roman Spanish tribes
The Celtiberians were ancient peoples of central and northeastern Spain who blended Celtic and Iberian cultures.
They fiercely resisted Roman conquest in the 2nd and 1st centuries BCE, with the siege of Numantia becoming legendary for their refusal to surrender.
The term also describes their language, a Celtic tongue written in Iberian script.
Roman name for Spain
Hilted fighting blade
- shieldHandheld defensive armor
- helmetProtective head covering
- armorProtective combat covering
- battleArmed military engagement
cavalry · infantry · siege · mercenary · fortification · resistance · guerrilla · hillfort
Vast language family
- inscriptionsWords carved into surfaces
- alphabetLanguage's letter system
- scriptWritten words for performance
- toponymsLocation-derived names
loanwords · substratum · phonology · epigraphy · bilingualism · Latin influence
Shaped metal objects
- jewelryOrnamental personal accessories
- ceramicsHardened clay objects
- weavingInterlacing strands into fabric
- fibulaOuter lower leg bone
torque · pottery · bronze · iron · goldsmith · silverwork · geometric patterns · burial practices
Social group sharing ancestry
- clanRelated group sharing ancestry
- kinshipState of being related
- settlementResolved dispute or colony
- agricultureCultivation of land, livestock
pastoralism · aristocracy · chieftain · assembly · clientage · federation · alliance · familia
Belief in multiple deities
- sanctuaryProtected sacred space
- votiveOffered in devotion
- sacrificeGiving up something precious
- ritualCeremonial set of actions
divination · gods · sacred grove · offering · libation · priest · funerary rites · ancestor worship
Hispania
Roman name for Spain
sword
Hilted fighting blade
battle · cavalry · infantry · siege · mercenary · fortification · resistance · guerrilla · hillfort · ambush
Indo-European
Vast language family
- inscriptionsWords carved into surfaces
- alphabetLanguage's letter system
- scriptWritten words for performance
toponyms · loanwords · substratum · phonology · epigraphy · bilingualism · Latin influence
metalwork
Shaped metal objects
- jewelryOrnamental personal accessories
- ceramicsHardened clay objects
- weavingInterlacing strands into fabric
fibula · torque · pottery · bronze · iron · goldsmith · silverwork · geometric patterns · burial practices · cremation
tribe
Social group sharing ancestry
- clanRelated group sharing ancestry
- kinshipState of being related
- settlementResolved dispute or colony
agriculture · pastoralism · aristocracy · chieftain · assembly · clientage · federation · alliance · familia · lineage
polytheism
Belief in multiple deities
ritual · divination · gods · sacred grove · offering · libation · priest · funerary rites · ancestor worship · animism
- CelticIreland, druid, Scotland, Wales, Cornwall
- CeltsGauls, Britons, Galatians, druids, bards
- Iberian peoplesSpaniards, Portuguese, Catalans, Galicians, Andalusians
- Iron AgeGauls, Hallstatt culture, hill forts, iron smelting, Britons
- Ancient IberiaHispania, Lusitania, Iberians, Roman conquest, Romanization
- Celtic TribesRemi, Andes, Gauls, Galatians
CeltiberiansIberians
People of southwestern Europe
Romans · Phoenicians · Carthaginians · Greeks · Gauls