phonology
Linguistic acoustics field
Phonology is the study of how sounds function within a particular language—which sounds distinguish one word from another, how they combine, and what patterns govern their use.
Where phonetics examines sounds as physical phenomena, phonology examines sounds as units of meaning.
English phonology explains why "split" is a possible word but "tplit" isn't.
In agreement with
- vowelUnobstructed speech sound
- allophoneNon-distinctive sound variation
- segmentDistinct part of whole
- syllableUnit of pronunciation
phonemic · nasal · plosive · fricative · affricate · glide · liquid · voicing
Pitch variation in speech
- stressPressure, mental or vocal
- pitchFrequency of sound
- rhythmPatterned stress and silence
- cadenceRhythmic pulse or pattern
tone · contour · prominence · accent · meter · timing · mora · foot
Way of behaving
- placePosition or location
- voicingExpressing aloud
- articulatoryOf speech sound production
- vocal tractSound-shaping airway passage
lip rounding · aspiration · nasalization · assimilation · elision · metathesis · phonation
Rate of recurrence
- amplitudeMaximum oscillation displacement
- waveformGraphed oscillation pattern
- spectrogramFrequency-over-time display
- formantSpectral concentration in speech
harmonics · resonance · sonogram · sound wave · oscillation · spectral · duration · intensity
Able to produce or create
- constraintLimiting condition or rule
- derivationSource or origin tracing
- ruleGoverning principle or standard
- representationDepiction or likeness
underlying · faithfulness · tableaux · ranking · input · output · metrical
consonant
In agreement with
syllable · phonemic · nasal · plosive · fricative · affricate · glide · liquid · voicing · aspiration
intonation
Pitch variation in speech
cadence · tone · contour · prominence · accent · meter · timing · mora · foot · tone language
manner
Way of behaving
- placePosition or location
- voicingExpressing aloud
- articulatoryOf speech sound production
vocal tract · lip rounding · aspiration · nasalization · assimilation · elision · metathesis · phonation
frequency
Rate of recurrence
- amplitudeMaximum oscillation displacement
- waveformGraphed oscillation pattern
- spectrogramFrequency-over-time display
formant · harmonics · resonance · sonogram · sound wave · oscillation · spectral · duration · intensity · F1
generative
Able to produce or create
- constraintLimiting condition or rule
- derivationSource or origin tracing
- ruleGoverning principle or standard
representation · underlying · faithfulness · tableaux · ranking · input · output · metrical
- languagelanguage, word, words, grammar, spelling
- Language & Wordstranslation, etymology, grammar, vocabulary, phonetics
- linguisticslinguistics, phonemes, morpheme, morphemes, lexeme
- language learningvocabulary lists, lessons, acquisition, basic vocabulary, grammar books
- spoken languagespeech, spoken word, pronunciation, accent, dialect
- Greek languageGreek alphabet, alpha, Greek vocabulary, beta, gamma
phonologysemantics
Study of linguistic meaning
syntax · pragmatics · meaning · morphology · lexicology
- phonological rulePrinciple governing pronunciation changes
- phonological processPattern altering spoken sounds
- historical phonologyStudy of sound changes