genetic sequencing
Reading hereditary code
Genetic sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides—the chemical building blocks—in a strand of DNA or RNA.
The technique allows scientists to read genetic code, enabling everything from diagnosing hereditary diseases to tracing ancestry to identifying pathogens.
Genetic sequencing revealed she carried the mutation.
The cost and speed of sequencing have dropped dramatically since the Human Genome Project.
DNA and RNA subunits
- base pairsBonded DNA building blocks
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
guanine · DNA · RNA · double helix · codons · polymerase · primers · uracil
Computational analysis of genetic data
- alignmentCorrect relative positioning
- annotationAdded explanatory comment
- variant callingDetecting genomic sequence differences
- phylogeneticsScience of ancestral relationships
Units of heredity
- chromosomesGene-bearing nuclear structures
- allelesVariant forms of genes
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- variationChange from a norm
genotype · phenotype · heredity · introns · expression · transcription · protein synthesis · polymorphism
Study of entire genetic sequences
- personalized medicineTreatment based on individual traits
- ancestry testingGenetic origin identification
- forensicsScientific crime-scene analysis
- paternity testingGenetic confirmation of fatherhood
disease diagnosis · pharmacogenomics · cancer screening · prenatal testing · gene therapy · newborn screening
Atomic-scale aperture
- PCRDNA amplification technique
- electrophoresisField-driven particle separation
- throughputProcessing rate over time
- coverageExtent of inclusion
nucleotides
DNA and RNA subunits
- base pairsBonded DNA building blocks
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
cytosine · guanine · DNA · RNA · double helix · codons · polymerase · primers · uracil · hydrogen bonds
bioinformatics
Computational analysis of genetic data
- alignmentCorrect relative positioning
- annotationAdded explanatory comment
- variant callingDetecting genomic sequence differences
genes
Units of heredity
- chromosomesGene-bearing nuclear structures
- allelesVariant forms of genes
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
variation · genotype · phenotype · heredity · introns · expression · transcription · protein synthesis · polymorphism · haplotype
genomics
Study of entire genetic sequences
- personalized medicineTreatment based on individual traits
- ancestry testingGenetic origin identification
- forensicsScientific crime-scene analysis
paternity testing · disease diagnosis · pharmacogenomics · cancer screening · prenatal testing · gene therapy · newborn screening
nanopore
Atomic-scale aperture
- PCRDNA amplification technique
- electrophoresisField-driven particle separation
- throughputProcessing rate over time
- DNA AnalysisDNA, DNA profiling, DNA testing, DNA fingerprinting, DNA evidence
- Lab Techniquescentrifugation, electrophoresis, PCR, streak plate, microscopy
genetic sequencinggenetic privacy
Protection of hereditary information
genetic sequencingDNA synthesis
Constructing genetic material
genetic engineering · gene editing · genetic modification · cloning · synthetic biology
genetic sequencingclinical examination
Doctor assessing patient directly
sequence, genetic, genesis, genetics, sequences, genome, sequenced, sequencing, genetically