carboxylate
Deprotonated organic acid
A carboxylate is a salt or ester of a carboxylic acid, formed when the acidic hydrogen is replaced by a metal or other group.
The carboxylate ion carries a negative charge distributed across its two oxygen atoms.
Carboxylates appear throughout chemistry and biochemistry—soaps are carboxylate salts of fatty acids.
As a verb, to carboxylate is to introduce a carboxyl group into a molecule.
Vinegar-derived compound
- formateAnt acid derivative
- oxalateAcid salt in plants
- benzoateSalt of aromatic acid
- citrateSalt of citrus acid
tartrate · lactate · gluconate · phthalate · salicylate · stearate · propionate · pyruvate
Negatively charged ion
- pKaAcid dissociation metric
- resonanceAmplified oscillation at natural frequency
- electronegativityAtomic electron attraction strength
- acidityLow pH condition
alkalinity · chelation · ligand · coordination · nucleophile · electrophile · polar · ionization
Negatively charged ion
- electrolyteConductive dissolved substance
- conductivityAbility to carry current
- saltSodium chloride compound
- sodiumEleventh element, highly reactive
potassium · calcium · magnesium · counterion · dissociation · solubility · precipitation · crystalline
Forming esters chemically
- saponificationFat-alkali reaction making soap
- hydrolysisWater-induced bond cleavage
- decarboxylationCarboxyl group elimination
- neutralizationCanceling opposing forces
titration · condensation · polymerization · reduction · oxidation · enzymatic · catalysis · activation
Activated two-carbon metabolic intermediate
- metabolismCellular nutrient conversion
- biosynthesisLiving production of molecules
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- intermediatesThings between endpoints
glycolysis · beta-oxidation · pyruvate · lactate · malate · enzymatic · metabolite · fermentation
acetate
Vinegar-derived compound
citrate · tartrate · lactate · gluconate · phthalate · salicylate · stearate · propionate · pyruvate · maleate
anion
Negatively charged ion
- pKaAcid dissociation metric
- resonanceAmplified oscillation at natural frequency
- electronegativityAtomic electron attraction strength
acidity · alkalinity · chelation · ligand · coordination · nucleophile · electrophile · polar · ionization · dissociation
anion
Negatively charged ion
- electrolyteConductive dissolved substance
- conductivityAbility to carry current
- saltSodium chloride compound
sodium · potassium · calcium · magnesium · counterion · dissociation · solubility · precipitation · crystalline · charge
esterification
Forming esters chemically
- saponificationFat-alkali reaction making soap
- hydrolysisWater-induced bond cleavage
- decarboxylationCarboxyl group elimination
neutralization · titration · condensation · polymerization · reduction · oxidation · enzymatic · catalysis · activation · coupling
acetyl-CoA
Activated two-carbon metabolic intermediate
- metabolismCellular nutrient conversion
- biosynthesisLiving production of molecules
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
intermediates · glycolysis · beta-oxidation · pyruvate · lactate · malate · enzymatic · metabolite · fermentation · respiration