H5N1
Avian influenza strain
H5N1 is a subtype of influenza A virus, commonly called avian flu or bird flu.
It circulates primarily among wild birds and poultry but occasionally infects humans through close contact with infected animals.
Human cases are rare but often severe, with high mortality rates.
The H5N1 outbreak forced farmers to cull millions of chickens.
Public health authorities monitor H5N1 closely for pandemic potential.
Viral illness from poultry
- poultryBirds raised for food
- chickenDomestic fowl for eating
- duckWaterbird that quacks
- gooseLarge honking waterfowl
waterfowl · migratory birds · wild birds · backyard flocks · egg · feathers · culling · depopulation
Capacity to handle outbreaks
- WHOUN health authority
- CDCU.S. public health agency
- surveillanceSystematic observation of subjects
- reportingConveying documented information
vaccination · stockpile · antiviral · Tamiflu · quarantine · travel advisory · culling · biosecurity
Widespread disease occurrence
- clusterGathered group nearby
- spreadTo distribute widely
- transmissionSending of information
- hotspotArea of notable activity
culling · quarantine · containment · surveillance · contact tracing · depopulation · biosecurity · stamping out
Elevated body temperature
- coughExplosive airway clearing
- pneumoniaInfected, inflamed lung tissue
- respiratory distressImpaired breathing function
- conjunctivitisInflammation of eye lining
sore throat · muscle aches · fatigue · diarrhea · encephalitis · cytokine storm · dyspnea · hypoxia
Respiratory viral infection
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- reassortmentViral segment exchange
- cladeMonophyletic taxonomic group
- strainExcessive stretching force
RNA virus · replication · polymerase · pathogenicity · viral load · sequencing · phylogenetics · evolution
Creating disease-preventing biological preparations
- antiviralAgent blocking viral spread
- gain-of-functionAcquired new capability
- laboratoryFacility for scientific investigation
- biosafetyProtection from biological hazards
dual-use · clinical trial · monoclonal antibody · attenuation · animal model · therapeutic · diagnostics · PCR testing
bird flu
Viral illness from poultry
goose · waterfowl · migratory birds · wild birds · backyard flocks · egg · feathers · culling · depopulation · farm
pandemic preparedness
Capacity to handle outbreaks
- WHOUN health authority
- CDCU.S. public health agency
- surveillanceSystematic observation of subjects
reporting · vaccination · stockpile · antiviral · Tamiflu · quarantine · travel advisory · culling · biosecurity · zoonosis
epidemic
Widespread disease occurrence
- clusterGathered group nearby
- spreadTo distribute widely
- transmissionSending of information
hotspot · culling · quarantine · containment · surveillance · contact tracing · depopulation · biosecurity · stamping out · notification
fever
Elevated body temperature
- coughExplosive airway clearing
- pneumoniaInfected, inflamed lung tissue
- respiratory distressImpaired breathing function
conjunctivitis · sore throat · muscle aches · fatigue · diarrhea · encephalitis · cytokine storm · dyspnea · hypoxia · incubation period
influenza A
Respiratory viral infection
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- reassortmentViral segment exchange
- cladeMonophyletic taxonomic group
strain · RNA virus · replication · polymerase · pathogenicity · viral load · sequencing · phylogenetics · evolution · adaptation
vaccine development
Creating disease-preventing biological preparations
- antiviralAgent blocking viral spread
- gain-of-functionAcquired new capability
- laboratoryFacility for scientific investigation
biosafety · dual-use · clinical trial · monoclonal antibody · attenuation · animal model · therapeutic · diagnostics · PCR testing
- infectionsviral infection, bacterial infection, fungal infection, parasitic infection, bacteremia
- infectious diseasescholera, anthrax, malaria, measles, flu
- Fluflu, flu shot, flu vaccine, flu season, flu symptoms
- viral diseasesinfluenza, measles, mumps, rubella, smallpox
- flu virusesflu, influenza A, influenza B, H1N1, H3N2
- Respiratory Virusesinfluenza, RSV, coronavirus, rhinovirus, parainfluenza
H5N1seasonal flu
Annual viral respiratory illness
H1N1 · H3N2 · swine flu · endemic disease