Ancient Carthage
Hannibal's home state
Ancient Carthage was a powerful city-state and trading empire centered in what is now Tunisia, dominating Mediterranean commerce and naval warfare from roughly the 9th to 2nd centuries BCE.
Founded by Phoenician settlers, it became Rome's greatest rival, and the two powers clashed in the Punic Wars—conflicts that produced Hannibal's famous crossing of the Alps with war elephants.
Rome eventually destroyed Carthage completely in 146 BCE, allegedly salting the earth.
The ruins of ancient Carthage are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Carthaginian military commander
- elephantsTusked, trunk-bearing mammals
- mercenariesSoldiers paid to fight
- Numidian cavalryAncient North African light horse
- siege warfareSurrounding fortifications to force capitulation
Punic Wars · Scipio Africanus · strategy · tactics · war elephants
Historic Phoenician maritime center
- CanaaniteAncient Levantine people
- LevantineOf the eastern Mediterranean
- alphabetLanguage's letter system
- purple dyeColoring agent, violet hue
murex · Baal · Elissa · colonization · Semitic · script · inscriptions · stelae
Sheltered waters for mooring
- triremesThree-banked ancient warships
- galleysOar-powered ancient warships
- shipbuildingConstructing maritime vessels
- naval powerMilitary dominance at sea
merchants · trade routes · Mediterranean · amphorae · cargo · seafaring · navigation · admirals
Legislative body, often bicameral's elder
- oligarchyRule by few
- magistratesCivil judicial officers
- aristocracyRule by hereditary elite
- constitutionInherent physical or structural makeup
Aristotle · civic institutions · assemblies · factions · laws · citizenship · administration · tribute
Act of completely ruining
- saltSodium chloride compound
- Roman conquestImperial military expansion
- Roman provinceConquered territory under imperial administration
- PolybiusHellenistic military historian
Livy · annexation · subjugation · rebuilding · Julius Caesar · Augustus · colony
Inscribed commemorative pillars
- votive offeringsItems given to deities
- priestsOrdained religious leaders
- templesHoly places or head sides
- ritualsCeremonial repeated practices
cremation urns · religious ceremonies · polytheism · sanctuaries · libations · funerary rites · crescent moon
Decayed structural remains
- excavationAct of unearthing
- mosaicsPictures made from fragments
- necropolisAncient cemetery complex
- artifactsHuman-made historical objects
pottery · inscriptions · amphitheatre · baths · columns · UNESCO · stratigraphy · preservation
Hannibal
Carthaginian military commander
- elephantsTusked, trunk-bearing mammals
- mercenariesSoldiers paid to fight
- Numidian cavalryAncient North African light horse
siege warfare · Punic Wars · Scipio Africanus · strategy · tactics · war elephants
Tyre
Historic Phoenician maritime center
- CanaaniteAncient Levantine people
- LevantineOf the eastern Mediterranean
- alphabetLanguage's letter system
purple dye · murex · Baal · Elissa · colonization · Semitic · script · inscriptions · stelae · religious rites
harbors
Sheltered waters for mooring
- triremesThree-banked ancient warships
- galleysOar-powered ancient warships
- shipbuildingConstructing maritime vessels
naval power · merchants · trade routes · Mediterranean · amphorae · cargo · seafaring · navigation · admirals · naval battles
Senate
Legislative body, often bicameral's elder
- oligarchyRule by few
- magistratesCivil judicial officers
- aristocracyRule by hereditary elite
constitution · Aristotle · civic institutions · assemblies · factions · laws · citizenship · administration · tribute · vassal states
destruction
Act of completely ruining
- saltSodium chloride compound
- Roman conquestImperial military expansion
- Roman provinceConquered territory under imperial administration
Polybius · Livy · annexation · subjugation · rebuilding · Julius Caesar · Augustus · colony
stelae
Inscribed commemorative pillars
- votive offeringsItems given to deities
- priestsOrdained religious leaders
- templesHoly places or head sides
rituals · cremation urns · religious ceremonies · polytheism · sanctuaries · libations · funerary rites · crescent moon
ruins
Decayed structural remains
- excavationAct of unearthing
- mosaicsPictures made from fragments
- necropolisAncient cemetery complex
artifacts · pottery · inscriptions · amphitheatre · baths · columns · UNESCO · stratigraphy · preservation · heritage site
- Tunisian HistoryHannibal, Tunis, Punic Wars, Phoenicians, Vandals
Ancient CarthageAncient Rome
Mediterranean empire, antiquity
Roman Republic · Roman Empire · Roman civilization · Imperial Rome · Scipio Africanus
Ancient CarthageAncient Greece
Classical Mediterranean civilization
Ancient Rome · Classical Athens · Ancient Egypt · Byzantium · Jerusalem
ancient, anciently, ancientness, Carthage, Carthaginian, Carthaginians