metabolizers
Substance breakdown agents
Metabolizers are organisms or biological systems that carry out metabolism—the chemical processes that convert food into energy and building materials.
The term appears most often in pharmacology, where people are classified by how quickly their bodies process drugs: Fast metabolizers may need higher doses, Poor metabolizers risk side effects from standard doses.
Genetic testing can identify whether someone is a slow or rapid metabolizer of certain medications.
Abdominal detoxifying organ
- kidneysBlood-filtering organ pair
- toxinsHarmful biological substances
- eliminationAct of removing entirely
- filteringSelective passage of elements
neutralize · cleanse · detoxify · antioxidants · flush · chelation · decontaminate · purification
Reaction-speeding proteins
- cytochromeHeme protein transferring electrons
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- oxidationLosing electrons chemically
- phosphorylationPhosphate group attachment process
ATP · NADH · coenzyme · glycolysis · respiration · bioenergetics · kinase · adenosine
Process of taking in
- nutrientsVital dietary substances
- intestinesCoiled digestive organs
- gastrointestinalRelating to digestive tract
- stomachDigestive organ below chest
digestive · enzyme · bile · flora · peristalsis · chyme · bolus · hydrolysis
Nucleus-free single-celled organisms
- microbesMicroscopic living organisms
- yeastFermenting fungus
- fungiSpore-reproducing decomposers
- decomposersOrganisms breaking down dead material
detritivores · protozoa · archaea · microbiota · symbionts · fermenters · aerobic · anaerobic
Liver enzyme superfamily
- polymorphismMany forms, one interface
- genotypeOrganism's complete allele set
- phenotypeObservable characteristics of organism
- ultrarapidExtremely high velocity
intermediate · pharmacokinetics · dosing · variants · alleles · warfarin · codeine · tamoxifen
liver
Abdominal detoxifying organ
- kidneysBlood-filtering organ pair
- toxinsHarmful biological substances
- eliminationAct of removing entirely
filtering · neutralize · cleanse · detoxify · antioxidants · flush · chelation · decontaminate · purification · glutathione
enzymes
Reaction-speeding proteins
- cytochromeHeme protein transferring electrons
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- oxidationLosing electrons chemically
phosphorylation · ATP · NADH · coenzyme · glycolysis · respiration · bioenergetics · kinase · adenosine · synthesis
absorption
Process of taking in
- nutrientsVital dietary substances
- intestinesCoiled digestive organs
- gastrointestinalRelating to digestive tract
stomach · digestive · enzyme · bile · flora · peristalsis · chyme · bolus · hydrolysis · ingestion
bacteria
Nucleus-free single-celled organisms
decomposers · detritivores · protozoa · archaea · microbiota · symbionts · fermenters · aerobic · anaerobic · thermophiles
CYP450
Liver enzyme superfamily
- polymorphismMany forms, one interface
- genotypeOrganism's complete allele set
- phenotypeObservable characteristics of organism
ultrarapid · intermediate · pharmacokinetics · dosing · variants · alleles · warfarin · codeine · tamoxifen · therapeutic
- transmutersalchemists, converters, changers, transformers, alterers
metabolizersminerals
Inorganic natural solids
suspended animation · accumulators · fossils · catalysts · hibernators