exonym
Foreigner's place name
An exonym is a name used by outsiders for a place or people that differs from what locals call it themselves.
Germany is an English exonym for Deutschland; Japan is an exonym for Nihon.
The opposite—what people call their own place—is an endonym.
Many former colonies have replaced European exonyms with indigenous names.
Name for locals
- place-nameGeographic location's title
- appellationName or title given
- designationFormal name or title
- monikerInformal designation for someone
nickname · sobriquet · cognomen · byname · honorific · alias · codename · label
Word origin study
- loanwordImported vocabulary item
- calqueBorrowed phrase translated literally
- cognateWord sharing etymological origin
- neologismNewly created expression
lexeme · morphology · derivation · transliteration · heteronym · homophone · paronym · archaism
Creating geographic representations
- mappingDiagram of correspondences
- atlasBound collection of charts
- gazetteerDictionary of locations
- colonialismDomination through foreign settlement
imperialism · exploration · navigation · Bombay · Peking · Burma · Persia · Ceylon
One excluded from group
- foreignerNon-native person
- otheringViewing as fundamentally different
- colonialOf occupied territories
- indigenousOriginating in a region
native · diaspora · immigrant · expatriate · settler · displaced · stateless · cultural
Adapting for specific markets
- interpreterOne who conveys meaning between languages
- linguistExpert in languages
- bilingualSpeaking two languages
- multilingualKnowing multiple languages
vernacular · native-speaker · subtitles · dubbing · glossary · lexicon · adaptation · rendering
demonym
Name for locals
- place-nameGeographic location's title
- appellationName or title given
- designationFormal name or title
moniker · nickname · sobriquet · cognomen · byname · honorific · alias · codename · label · tag
etymology
Word origin study
- loanwordImported vocabulary item
- calqueBorrowed phrase translated literally
- cognateWord sharing etymological origin
neologism · lexeme · morphology · derivation · transliteration · heteronym · homophone · paronym · archaism · borrowing
cartography
Creating geographic representations
colonialism · imperialism · exploration · navigation · Bombay · Peking · Burma · Persia · Ceylon · Constantinople
outsider
One excluded from group
indigenous · native · diaspora · immigrant · expatriate · settler · displaced · stateless · cultural · ethnic
localization
Adapting for specific markets
- interpreterOne who conveys meaning between languages
- linguistExpert in languages
- bilingualSpeaking two languages
multilingual · vernacular · native-speaker · subtitles · dubbing · glossary · lexicon · adaptation · rendering · transcription