confidence interval
Probable parameter bounds
A confidence interval is a range of values, calculated from sample data, that likely contains the true value of something being measured.
A 95% confidence interval means that if you repeated the study many times, about 95% of the calculated intervals would contain the true value.
The poll showed 52% support, with a confidence interval of plus or minus 3 points.
Wider intervals indicate less precision; narrower intervals indicate more.
Probability under null hypothesis
- null hypothesisAssumed no relationship exists
- type I errorRejecting a true null
- type II errorFailing to reject falsity
- statistical significanceUnlikely due to chance
power · inference · evidence · threshold · accept · reject · conclusion
Probability shape for limited samples
- z-scoreStandardized deviation measure
- normal distributionBell-shaped probability curve
- bootstrapStart without external resources
- chi-squareStatistic for categorical data
degrees of freedom · standard deviation · likelihood · frequentist · Bayesian · asymptotic · nonparametric · resampling
Allowable deviation from truth
- standard errorStatistic's expected deviation measure
- sample sizeQuantity of observations taken
- upper boundMaximum permitted value
- lower boundMinimum possible value
alpha · precision · accuracy · uncertainty · sampling error · bounds
Return to former state
- ANOVACompares means among groups
- clinical trialHuman subject research experiment
- pollingSystematic opinion gathering
- surveySystematic data collection
meta-analysis · correlation · proportion · forecast · error bars · research · epidemiology · quality control
p-value
Probability under null hypothesis
- null hypothesisAssumed no relationship exists
- type I errorRejecting a true null
- type II errorFailing to reject falsity
statistical significance · power · inference · evidence · threshold · accept · reject · conclusion
t-distribution
Probability shape for limited samples
- z-scoreStandardized deviation measure
- normal distributionBell-shaped probability curve
- bootstrapStart without external resources
chi-square · degrees of freedom · standard deviation · likelihood · frequentist · Bayesian · asymptotic · nonparametric · resampling · Monte Carlo
margin of error
Allowable deviation from truth
- standard errorStatistic's expected deviation measure
- sample sizeQuantity of observations taken
- upper boundMaximum permitted value
lower bound · alpha · precision · accuracy · uncertainty · sampling error · bounds
regression
Return to former state
- ANOVACompares means among groups
- clinical trialHuman subject research experiment
- pollingSystematic opinion gathering
survey · meta-analysis · correlation · proportion · forecast · error bars · research · epidemiology · quality control · A/B testing
- Estimation Theoryconsistency, sufficiency, standard error, variance, invariance
- experimentsexperiment, experiments, test, tests, trials
- research methodsexperiment, hypothesis, deduction, experiments, induction
- scientific methodexperiment, theory, data, hypothesis, observation
- statisticsmean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation
- boundsupper bound, lower bound, upper limit, lower limit, limit
confidence intervalcertainty
Total absence of doubt
absolute certainty · determinism · wild guess · doubt · ignorance
confidence, confident, interval, confide, unconfident, confiding, overconfidence, self-confidence, confided