amines
Ammonia-derived compounds
Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia, with one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by carbon-containing groups.
They're fundamental in chemistry and biology—amino acids, neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, and many drugs are amines.
The characteristic fishy smell of decaying flesh comes from amines released as proteins break down.
Chemical neural messengers
- dopamineReward-linked neural messenger
- serotoninMood-regulating brain chemical
- histamineAllergy-response compound
- epinephrineAdrenal stress hormone
norepinephrine · biogenic · monoamine · cadaverine · tyramine · tryptamine · melatonin · acetylcholine
Chief in importance
- secondaryLesser in rank
- tertiaryOf third importance
- quaternaryFourth-order or four-bonded
- alkylSaturated hydrocarbon substituent
Pigments for staining materials
- pharmaceuticalsManufactured therapeutic substances
- agrochemicalsChemicals for agriculture
- polymersLarge chain-like molecules
- surfactantsAgents reducing surface tension
rubber · epoxy · solvents · plastics · adhesives · textile · manufacturing · polyurethane
Measure of solution acidity
- alkalineHaving high pH
- basicFundamental in nature
- neutralizationCanceling opposing forces
- bufferProtective intermediate space
acidity · pKa · ammonium · quaternary · titration · indicator
Adding hydrocarbon groups chemically
- reductionMaking something smaller
- condensationVapor turning to liquid
- catalystAgent enabling change
- precursorSomething that comes first
neurotransmitters
Chemical neural messengers
- dopamineReward-linked neural messenger
- serotoninMood-regulating brain chemical
- histamineAllergy-response compound
epinephrine · norepinephrine · biogenic · monoamine · cadaverine · tyramine · tryptamine · melatonin · acetylcholine · catecholamines
primary
Chief in importance
- secondaryLesser in rank
- tertiaryOf third importance
- quaternaryFourth-order or four-bonded
alkyl · methylamine · aniline · heterocyclic · nitrogen
dyes
Pigments for staining materials
- pharmaceuticalsManufactured therapeutic substances
- agrochemicalsChemicals for agriculture
- polymersLarge chain-like molecules
surfactants · rubber · epoxy · solvents · plastics · adhesives · textile · manufacturing · polyurethane · nylon
pH
Measure of solution acidity
- alkalineHaving high pH
- basicFundamental in nature
- neutralizationCanceling opposing forces
buffer · acidity · pKa · ammonium · quaternary · titration · indicator
alkylation
Adding hydrocarbon groups chemically
- reductionMaking something smaller
- condensationVapor turning to liquid
- catalystAgent enabling change
- chemical compoundsacetone, aldehydes, esters, ketones, sulfides
- organic compoundshydrocarbon, alcohol, alkane, ethane, propane
- basessodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lye, caustic soda, magnesium hydroxide
- nitrogen compoundsaniline, urea, nitrate, nitrite, nitrates
- aroma chemicalsvanillin, limonene, menthol, benzaldehyde, camphor
- Lewis Basesammonia, amine, hydroxide, cyanide, fluoride
- amino acidsOrganic compounds forming proteins
- essential amino acidProtein component requiring ingestion
- L-amino acidsLeft-rotating protein components