ketones
Fasting metabolism byproducts
Ketones are a class of organic compounds containing a carbon atom double-bonded to oxygen and single-bonded to two other carbon groups.
Acetone is the simplest and most familiar ketone.
In metabolism, ketones are produced when the body burns fat for fuel instead of carbohydrates—the basis of ketogenic diets.
Diabetics may produce dangerous levels: Her blood sugar crashed and her ketones spiked.
Ketone body from fat metabolism
- acetyl-CoAActivated two-carbon metabolic intermediate
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- fatty acidsOrganic molecules in fats
- lipolysisMetabolic fat decomposition
C=O functional group
- organicFrom living matter
- synthesisCombining parts into whole
- solventsLiquids that dissolve substances
- aromaticPleasantly strong-smelling
aldehydes · esters · alcohols · hydrocarbons · reagents · reactivity · oxidation · reduction
Deliberate food avoidance
- starvationExtreme nutritional deprivation
- fuelEnergy source material
- enduranceSustained effort capacity
- low-carbMinimal starch intake
intermittent fasting · appetite suppression · glucagon · caloric restriction · autophagy
Circulating glucose level
- hyperglycemiaAbnormally high blood glucose
- insulinPancreatic glucose-regulating hormone
- glucosePrimary cellular fuel
- glucometerBlood sugar measuring device
type 1 diabetes · endocrinology · blood pH · hypoglycemia · polyuria
Measures exhaled alcohol content
- monitoringOngoing observation of something
- thresholdPoint of beginning
- testingExamining to evaluate
- fruity breathSweet-smelling oral exhalation
beta-hydroxybutyrate
Ketone body from fat metabolism
- acetyl-CoAActivated two-carbon metabolic intermediate
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- fatty acidsOrganic molecules in fats
carbonyl
C=O functional group
- organicFrom living matter
- synthesisCombining parts into whole
- solventsLiquids that dissolve substances
aromatic · aldehydes · esters · alcohols · hydrocarbons · reagents · reactivity · oxidation · reduction · tautomerism
fasting
Deliberate food avoidance
- starvationExtreme nutritional deprivation
- fuelEnergy source material
- enduranceSustained effort capacity
low-carb · intermittent fasting · appetite suppression · glucagon · caloric restriction · autophagy
blood sugar
Circulating glucose level
- hyperglycemiaAbnormally high blood glucose
- insulinPancreatic glucose-regulating hormone
- glucosePrimary cellular fuel
glucometer · type 1 diabetes · endocrinology · blood pH · hypoglycemia · polyuria
breath analyzer
Measures exhaled alcohol content
- monitoringOngoing observation of something
- thresholdPoint of beginning
- testingExamining to evaluate
- Biochemicalsamino acid, amino acids, protein, proteins, DNA
- chemical compoundsaldehydes, amines, esters, sulfides, terpenes
- chemistryatom, atoms, organic chemistry, molecule, chemistry
- diabetestype 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, blood sugar, insulin pump, insulin resistance
- organic compoundshydrocarbon, alcohol, alkane, ethane, propane
- blood testsCBC, blood test, complete blood count, blood work, CMP
ketonesaldehydes
Carbonyl at chain's end
alcohols · alkanes · ethers · hydrocarbons · esters
ketonesglucose
Primary cellular fuel
glycogen · blood sugar · carbohydrates · insulin · sugars
- ketone bodiesFatty acid breakdown products