papyri
Egyptian writing sheets
Papyri is the plural of papyrus, the ancient writing material made from the pith of the papyrus plant.
The term typically refers to documents or manuscripts written on this material: The papyri discovered at Herculaneum survived the volcanic eruption.
Scholars study papyri to understand ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Roman cultures.
Study of physical remnants
- antiquityGreat age, ancient era
- deciphermentInterpreting unknown scripts
- translationConverting between languages
- OxyrhynchusEgyptian site yielding ancient texts
Herculaneum · Berlin · Vienna · catalog · publication · apparatus · reconstruction · dating
Ancient bound manuscript
- folioSingle-fold page format
- scriptoriumMonastery manuscript workshop
- rectoRight-hand book page
- versoLeft-hand book page
colophon · scribe · transcription · illumination · incunabula · calligraphy · uncial · fragment
Symbolic picture-based writing
- pharaohAncient Egyptian ruler
- NileAfrica's longest river
- pyramidPointed polyhedral solid
- ThebesAncient city, two locations
Luxor · Cairo · mummification · Cleopatra · Ramses · Tutankhamun · Sphinx · sarcophagus
Preventing waste or loss
- restorationReturning something to condition
- humidityMoisture in atmosphere
- acid-freeLacking corrosive compounds
- digitizationAnalog-to-electronic transformation
stabilization · encapsulation · handling · storage · fragility · deterioration · archiving · unrolling
archaeology
Study of physical remnants
- antiquityGreat age, ancient era
- deciphermentInterpreting unknown scripts
- translationConverting between languages
Oxyrhynchus · Herculaneum · Berlin · Vienna · catalog · publication · apparatus · reconstruction · dating · provenance
codex
Ancient bound manuscript
- folioSingle-fold page format
- scriptoriumMonastery manuscript workshop
- rectoRight-hand book page
verso · colophon · scribe · transcription · illumination · incunabula · calligraphy · uncial · fragment · lacuna
hieroglyphics
Symbolic picture-based writing
Thebes · Luxor · Cairo · mummification · Cleopatra · Ramses · Tutankhamun · Sphinx · sarcophagus · Amun
conservation
Preventing waste or loss
- restorationReturning something to condition
- humidityMoisture in atmosphere
- acid-freeLacking corrosive compounds
digitization · stabilization · encapsulation · handling · storage · fragility · deterioration · archiving · unrolling · mounting
reed
Vibrating sliver for woodwinds
lamination · ink · stylus · manufacture · plant · sheets · rolls · joins · brushwork
- ancient historyancient history, ancient world, classical antiquity, ancient empires, Mesopotamia
- artifactspottery shards, knives, masks, pottery, antiquity
- pluralsmen, women, feet, mice, geese
- antiquitiesancient coins, ancient relics, ancient artifacts, ancient pottery, ancient seals
- Egyptologypyramids, pyramid, pharaohs, pharaoh, hieroglyphs
- ancient recordsannals, scrolls, Domesday Book, tablets, tax rolls
papyrivellum
Prepared calfskin for writing
parchment · clay tablets · stone inscriptions · palm leaves · bamboo strips
papyrielectronic documents
Computer-stored written files
e-books · PDFs · databases · cloud storage · hard drives
- papyrus scrollRolled plant-fiber writing material