norm-referenced
Measured against others
Norm-referenced describes tests or assessments that measure performance relative to other test-takers rather than against fixed standards.
A norm-referenced test ranks students against their peers: Her score placed her in the 85th percentile.
The approach contrasts with criterion-referenced testing, which measures mastery of specific skills regardless of how others perform.
Statistical ranking threshold
- standard deviationSpread around the mean
- meanAverage, or spiteful
- bell curveNormal distribution's shape
- z-scoreStandardized deviation measure
stanine · quartile · median · variance · statistical · deviation · average · spread
Made uniform across cases
- testingExamining to evaluate
- percentileStatistical ranking threshold
- rankingOrdered position assignment
- comparisonAssessment of similarities
evaluation · grading · measurement · scoring · achievement · performance · benchmark · cohort
percentile
Statistical ranking threshold
- standard deviationSpread around the mean
- meanAverage, or spiteful
- bell curveNormal distribution's shape
z-score · stanine · quartile · median · variance · statistical · deviation · average · spread · range
standardized
Made uniform across cases
- testingExamining to evaluate
- percentileStatistical ranking threshold
- rankingOrdered position assignment
comparison · evaluation · grading · measurement · scoring · achievement · performance · benchmark · cohort · population
standardized tests
Identical exams given uniformly
IQ test · classroom · students · curriculum · aptitude · ability · intelligence · academic · school · district