neuronal
Of nerve cells
Neuronal is the adjective form of neuron, describing anything relating to or involving nerve cells.
It appears frequently in scientific and medical contexts: neuronal activity, neuronal damage, neuronal pathways.
The word is largely interchangeable with neural, though neuronal tends to emphasize the cells themselves while neural can refer more broadly to the nervous system as a whole.
Neuron's signal-sending projection
- dendriteNeuron's input branch
- somaBodily cells, excluding gametes
- nucleusCentral controlling part
- cytoplasmGel surrounding the nucleus
mitochondria · myelin · cytoskeleton · membrane · action potential · depolarization · repolarization · refractory period
Nerve signal crossing point
- receptorSignal-receiving molecule
- vesicleSmall fluid-filled sac
- presynapticBefore the neural junction
- glutamateExcitatory neural transmitter
GABA · acetylcholine · dopamine · serotonin · plasticity · LTD · excitatory · inhibitory
Organ's external tissue
- cerebellumMovement coordination organ
- hippocampusMemory formation region
- grey matterNeuronal cell body tissue
- white matterPale neural fiber tissue
frontal · parietal · occipital · temporal · gyrus · sulcus · cerebral · lobes
Non-neuronal brain cells
- astrocyteStar-shaped neural support cell
- microgliaCNS immune cells
- neurogliaSupportive nervous system cells
- radial gliaEmbryonic brain support cells
Layered neural network methods
- perceptronLinear binary classifier algorithm
- backpropagationReverse gradient computation method
- recurrentHappening multiple times
- CNNAmerican cable news network
feedforward · hidden layers · activation function · neuromorphic
Recognizing meaningful differences
- migrationMovement to new territory
- pruningCutting vegetation for health
- neuroblastEmbryonic nerve cell ancestor
- BDNFNerve cell growth protein
axon
Neuron's signal-sending projection
cytoplasm · mitochondria · myelin · cytoskeleton · membrane · action potential · depolarization · repolarization · refractory period · node of Ranvier
synapse
Nerve signal crossing point
- receptorSignal-receiving molecule
- vesicleSmall fluid-filled sac
- presynapticBefore the neural junction
glutamate · GABA · acetylcholine · dopamine · serotonin · plasticity · LTD · excitatory · inhibitory · calcium
cortex
Organ's external tissue
- cerebellumMovement coordination organ
- hippocampusMemory formation region
- grey matterNeuronal cell body tissue
white matter · frontal · parietal · occipital · temporal · gyrus · sulcus · cerebral · lobes · thalamus
glia
Non-neuronal brain cells
- astrocyteStar-shaped neural support cell
- microgliaCNS immune cells
- neurogliaSupportive nervous system cells
radial glia · blood-brain barrier · myelination · neuroprotection
deep learning
Layered neural network methods
- perceptronLinear binary classifier algorithm
- backpropagationReverse gradient computation method
- recurrentHappening multiple times
CNN · feedforward · hidden layers · activation function · neuromorphic
differentiation
Recognizing meaningful differences
- migrationMovement to new territory
- pruningCutting vegetation for health
- neuroblastEmbryonic nerve cell ancestor
- neuro termscerebral, cortical, synaptic, axonal, dendritic
- cell termscellular, cytoplasmic, nuclear, mitotic, eukaryotic
- motor neuron diseaseDegenerative condition affecting movement-controlling cells
- motor neuronNerve cell activating muscles
- upper motor neuronCentral nervous system motor cell
- neuron firingNerve cell transmitting signal
- lower motor neuronNerve directly innervating muscle
- sensory neuronsCells transmitting stimuli inward