isotonic
Same salt concentration
Isotonic describes solutions having the same concentration of dissolved particles, so fluid doesn't flow between them by osmosis.
In biology, an isotonic solution matches the concentration inside cells, preventing them from shrinking or swelling: Saline drips are isotonic with blood.
In exercise physiology, isotonic contractions involve muscle movement under constant tension, as when lifting a weight—distinguished from isometric contractions, where muscles tense without moving.
Sports hydration beverage
- PoweradeBranded athletic beverage
- electrolytesConducting ions in solution
- rehydrationReplacing lost water
- hydrationBodily fluid replenishment
thirst · quench · absorption · sodium · potassium · chloride · magnesium · glucose
Salt-water solution
- intravenousInto the vein
- infusionSteeping to extract essence
- electrolytesConducting ions in solution
- cellularComposed of small units
intracellular · extracellular · parenteral · pharmacology · medical · hospital · phlebotomy · biochemistry
Contractile body tissue
- tensionStretched or strained state
- actinCellular contractile protein
- myosinMotor protein enabling contraction
- flexionDecreasing a joint angle
biomechanics · physiology · concentric · eccentric · force · resistance · anatomy · fiber
Gatorade
Sports hydration beverage
- PoweradeBranded athletic beverage
- electrolytesConducting ions in solution
- rehydrationReplacing lost water
hydration · thirst · quench · absorption · sodium · potassium · chloride · magnesium · glucose · endurance
saline
Salt-water solution
- intravenousInto the vein
- infusionSteeping to extract essence
- electrolytesConducting ions in solution
cellular · intracellular · extracellular · parenteral · pharmacology · medical · hospital · phlebotomy · biochemistry · concentration
muscle
Contractile body tissue
- tensionStretched or strained state
- actinCellular contractile protein
- myosinMotor protein enabling contraction
flexion · biomechanics · physiology · concentric · eccentric · force · resistance · anatomy · fiber · neuromuscular
resistance
Capacity to withstand force
squats · lunges · bench-press · deadlift · pullups · pushups · repetition · dynamic · lifting · gym
- fitnessfitness, exercise, gym, workout, running
- muscle functionscontraction, relaxation, flexion, extension, strength
- scientific adjectivesalkaline, ionic, aquatic, inorganic, metallic
- kinesiologymuscles, bones, joints, tendons, flexion
- Osmoregulationosmoregulation, osmosis, osmotic pressure, water balance, electrolyte balance
- osmosisosmosis, osmotic pressure, semipermeable membrane, semipermeable, osmometer
isotonichypertonic
Higher solute than reference
hypotonic · relaxed · concentrated · dilute · spastic
tone, tonic, isometric, isothermal, hypotonic, hypertonic, tonicity