environmental studies
Nature-focused academic field
Environmental studies is an interdisciplinary academic field examining the relationship between humans and the natural world.
It draws on natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities to address issues like climate change, pollution, conservation, and sustainability.
Unlike environmental science, which emphasizes technical and biological approaches, environmental studies typically incorporates policy, ethics, and human behavior: She majored in environmental studies before going into urban planning.
Planetary atmospheric transformation
- global warmingRising planetary temperatures
- greenhouse effectAtmospheric heat retention mechanism
- carbon cycleBiogeochemical element circulation process
- atmosphereGaseous layer around planets
emissions · temperature · weather patterns · drought · flooding · sea level rise · ice caps · glaciers
Interconnected organisms and surroundings
- biomeMajor ecological community
- food webInterconnected predator-prey relationships
- habitatOrganism's natural environment
- nicheRecessed wall space
keystone species · biodiversity · symbiosis · predator-prey · decomposition · succession · invasive species · carrying capacity
Pollution level measurement
- water contaminationHarmful substances in drinking supply
- soil pollutionHarmful substances in earth
- toxic wasteDangerous industrial refuse
- emissionsSubstances released into air
smog · acid rain · plastic pollution · microplastics · heavy metals · pesticides · eutrophication · oil spills
Protecting animals and ecosystems
- habitat protectionSafeguarding natural living spaces
- endangered speciesOrganisms facing extinction risk
- biodiversity lossReduction in species variety
- protected areasZones with legal conservation status
national parks · marine reserves · reforestation · land management · poaching · extinction · species recovery · wetlands
Meeting needs without exhausting resources
- renewable energySelf-replenishing natural power
- solar powerEnergy derived from sunlight
- wind energyElectricity from airflow
- recyclingReprocessing used materials
composting · circular economy · green technology · carbon neutral · zero waste · cradle-to-cradle · LEED certification · organic farming
Federal environmental regulator
- regulationOfficial rules governing conduct
- treatiesFormal agreements between states
- Kyoto ProtocolMultinational emissions reduction treaty
- Paris AgreementGlobal warming limitation accord
advocacy · legislation · compliance · permitting · zoning · stakeholders · public participation · cost-benefit analysis
climate change
Planetary atmospheric transformation
- global warmingRising planetary temperatures
- greenhouse effectAtmospheric heat retention mechanism
- carbon cycleBiogeochemical element circulation process
atmosphere · emissions · temperature · weather patterns · drought · flooding · sea level rise · ice caps · glaciers · El Niño
ecosystem
Interconnected organisms and surroundings
- biomeMajor ecological community
- food webInterconnected predator-prey relationships
- habitatOrganism's natural environment
niche · keystone species · biodiversity · symbiosis · predator-prey · decomposition · succession · invasive species · carrying capacity · biogeochemistry
air quality
Pollution level measurement
- water contaminationHarmful substances in drinking supply
- soil pollutionHarmful substances in earth
- toxic wasteDangerous industrial refuse
emissions · smog · acid rain · plastic pollution · microplastics · heavy metals · pesticides · eutrophication · oil spills · industrial waste
wildlife conservation
Protecting animals and ecosystems
- habitat protectionSafeguarding natural living spaces
- endangered speciesOrganisms facing extinction risk
- biodiversity lossReduction in species variety
protected areas · national parks · marine reserves · reforestation · land management · poaching · extinction · species recovery · wetlands · coral reefs
sustainable development
Meeting needs without exhausting resources
- renewable energySelf-replenishing natural power
- solar powerEnergy derived from sunlight
- wind energyElectricity from airflow
recycling · composting · circular economy · green technology · carbon neutral · zero waste · cradle-to-cradle · LEED certification · organic farming · permaculture
EPA
Federal environmental regulator
- regulationOfficial rules governing conduct
- treatiesFormal agreements between states
- Kyoto ProtocolMultinational emissions reduction treaty
Paris Agreement · advocacy · legislation · compliance · permitting · zoning · stakeholders · public participation · cost-benefit analysis · precautionary principle
- interdisciplinary studies
- academic fieldsmathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, history
- disciplinesbiology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, psychology
- ecologyhabitat, ecosystem, balance, niche, food webs
- academic subjectschemistry, physics, biology, math, geography
- college majorsbiology, psychology, engineering, chemistry, physics
environmental studiespure mathematics
Mathematics pursued abstractly
computer science · business administration · finance · accounting · theology
environmental studiesindustrial development
Growth of manufacturing activity
fossil fuel industry · industrial engineering · resource extraction · business administration · urban development
environmental studiesmolecular biology
Study of cellular machinery
biochemistry · particle physics · microbiology · genetics · cellular biology
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