central tendency
Middle of data
Central tendency is a statistical measure representing the typical or middle value in a dataset.
The three main measures are mean (average), median (middle value), and mode (most frequent value).
Each captures a different sense of "typical": The median income gives a better picture of central tendency than the mean when outliers skew the data.
Having one mode
- bimodalHaving two modes
- multimodalUsing multiple forms
- frequencyRate of recurrence
- commonalityShared characteristic among things
typicality · prevalence · recurrence · concentration · clustering
Sum over count
- expected valueProbability-weighted outcome average
- population meanCentral tendency of all
- averageArithmetic mean or ordinary
- geometric meanProduct's nth root
center of mass · balance point · moment · summation · calculation · aggregate
Exact center between two
- quartilesFour-part data divisions
- interquartile rangeMiddle fifty percent span
- rank orderArrangement by position
- sortingArranging into sequence
bisection · halves · divider · nonparametric · median income · median age · split
Bell-shaped probability curve
- bell curveNormal distribution's shape
- standard deviationSpread around the mean
- varianceSpread around the mean
- skewnessDistribution asymmetry measure
spread · dispersion · symmetric · z-score · percentile · quantile · frequency distribution · shape
Approximate value judgment
- variabilityTendency to change
- biasUnfair inclination or prejudice
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
- accuracyDegree of correctness
unimodal
Having one mode
- bimodalHaving two modes
- multimodalUsing multiple forms
- frequencyRate of recurrence
commonality · typicality · prevalence · recurrence · concentration · clustering
arithmetic mean
Sum over count
- expected valueProbability-weighted outcome average
- population meanCentral tendency of all
- averageArithmetic mean or ordinary
geometric mean · center of mass · balance point · moment · summation · calculation · aggregate
midpoint
Exact center between two
- quartilesFour-part data divisions
- interquartile rangeMiddle fifty percent span
- rank orderArrangement by position
sorting · bisection · halves · divider · nonparametric · median income · median age · split
normal distribution
Bell-shaped probability curve
- bell curveNormal distribution's shape
- standard deviationSpread around the mean
- varianceSpread around the mean
skewness · spread · dispersion · symmetric · z-score · percentile · quantile · frequency distribution · shape · tails
estimation
Approximate value judgment
- variabilityTendency to change
- biasUnfair inclination or prejudice
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
- averagesmean, median, mode, average, arithmetic mean
- data analysisstatistics, analysis, analytics, conclusions, mean
- meanmean, cruel, unkind, nasty, hurtful
- statisticsmean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation
- psychometricsvalidity, reliability, item response theory, measurement error, dimensionality
- distributionsnormal, uniform, binomial, exponential, bell curve
central tendencydispersion
Scattering across space
variability · spread · variance · standard deviation · scatter