cell lines
Immortalized tissue strains
Cell lines are populations of cells that have been cultured to grow and divide indefinitely in laboratory conditions.
Scientists use them to study diseases, test drugs, and produce biological products without repeatedly harvesting fresh tissue.
Some cell lines derive from tumors, others from normal tissue that has been modified to keep dividing.
The HeLa line, taken from a cervical cancer patient in 1951, remains among the most widely used: The researchers tested the compound on several human cell lines.
Segment of text
- confluenceMeeting point of streams
- subcultureGroup with alternative norms
- monolayerSingle-atom-thick coating
- flaskPortable liquid container
bioreactor · incubator · growth medium · serum · adherence · morphology · viability · cryopreservation
Made permanently remembered
- transformedFundamentally changed in nature
- telomeraseChromosome-tip lengthening enzyme
- senescenceGradual functional decline with age
- continuousWithout pause or gap
Immortal human cell line
- carcinomaEpithelial malignant tumor
- adenocarcinomaGlandular tissue malignancy
- melanomaAggressive pigment-cell cancer
- leukemiaMalignancy of blood-forming tissues
lymphoma · glioblastoma · sarcoma · neoplastic · malignant · metastatic · drug screening
Non-viral gene introduction
- transductionSignal or energy transformation
- CRISPRGene-editing molecular machinery
- gene editingTargeted DNA alteration
- knockoutIncapacitating final blow
overexpression · reporter · clonal · assay · high-throughput · screening · in vitro · recombinant
Organized chromosome display
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- chromosomal abnormalityStructural or numerical DNA error
- genetic driftRandom allele frequency change
- heterogeneityState of being dissimilar
Cell-wall-free bacterium
- cross-contaminationTransfer of harmful substances
- misidentificationWrongly recognizing something
- authenticationConfirming genuine identity
- sterilityAbsence of microbes or fertility
antibiotics · quarantine · detection · bacterial · fungal · viral · quality control · testing
passage
Segment of text
- confluenceMeeting point of streams
- subcultureGroup with alternative norms
- monolayerSingle-atom-thick coating
flask · bioreactor · incubator · growth medium · serum · adherence · morphology · viability · cryopreservation · thawing
immortalized
Made permanently remembered
- transformedFundamentally changed in nature
- telomeraseChromosome-tip lengthening enzyme
- senescenceGradual functional decline with age
HeLa
Immortal human cell line
- carcinomaEpithelial malignant tumor
- adenocarcinomaGlandular tissue malignancy
- melanomaAggressive pigment-cell cancer
leukemia · lymphoma · glioblastoma · sarcoma · neoplastic · malignant · metastatic · drug screening
transfection
Non-viral gene introduction
- transductionSignal or energy transformation
- CRISPRGene-editing molecular machinery
- gene editingTargeted DNA alteration
knockout · overexpression · reporter · clonal · assay · high-throughput · screening · in vitro · recombinant · hybridoma
karyotype
Organized chromosome display
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- chromosomal abnormalityStructural or numerical DNA error
- genetic driftRandom allele frequency change
heterogeneity · genotyping · copy number · diploid · epigenetic
mycoplasma
Cell-wall-free bacterium
- cross-contaminationTransfer of harmful substances
- misidentificationWrongly recognizing something
- authenticationConfirming genuine identity
sterility · antibiotics · quarantine · detection · bacterial · fungal · viral · quality control · testing · prevention