Bioinformatics
Computational biology field
Bioinformatics is the application of computing to biological data—analyzing DNA sequences, protein structures, and genetic information.
The field emerged as genomic research generated datasets too massive for manual analysis.
Bioinformatics tools identify genes, predict protein functions, and compare genomes across species: Bioinformatics revealed the evolutionary relationship between the two organisms.
Biomolecule's three-dimensional form
- amino acidProtein's molecular subunit
- foldingBending something over itself
- homologyStructural similarity through descent
- domainArea of control
motif · sequence alignment · docking · binding site · active site · crystallography · mass spectrometry · peptide
Finite problem-solving procedure
- pipelineLong-distance fluid transport tube
- databaseOrganized digital information collection
- softwarePrograms directing computer operations
- PythonLarge nonvenomous squeezer
R · machine learning · clustering · classification · statistical analysis · data mining · workflow · cloud computing
Science of ancestral relationships
- treeWoody perennial plant
- cladeMonophyletic taxonomic group
- divergenceSeparation from common origin
- common ancestorOrigin point of descendants
speciation · taxonomy · bootstrap · selection pressure · conservation · duplication · adaptation
DNA to functional product
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
- transcriptVerbatim written account
- splicingConnecting by interweaving ends
- mRNAGene's working copy
regulatory · promoter · enrichment · heatmap · normalization · quantification · single-cell · network analysis
Determining element order
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- DNAHereditary code molecule
- alignmentCorrect relative positioning
- annotationAdded explanatory comment
assembly · variant · mutation · chromosome · nucleotide · base pair · scaffold · genotyping
Treatment based on individual characteristics
- biomarkerMeasurable biological health signal
- diagnosticsMethods identifying problems
- pharmacogenomicsGene-based drug response study
- pathogenicityAbility to cause illness
clinical trial · oncology · rare disease · genetic counseling · GWAS · therapeutic · FDA
protein structure
Biomolecule's three-dimensional form
- amino acidProtein's molecular subunit
- foldingBending something over itself
- homologyStructural similarity through descent
domain · motif · sequence alignment · docking · binding site · active site · crystallography · mass spectrometry · peptide
algorithm
Finite problem-solving procedure
- pipelineLong-distance fluid transport tube
- databaseOrganized digital information collection
- softwarePrograms directing computer operations
Python · R · machine learning · clustering · classification · statistical analysis · data mining · workflow · cloud computing · parallel processing
phylogenetics
Science of ancestral relationships
- treeWoody perennial plant
- cladeMonophyletic taxonomic group
- divergenceSeparation from common origin
common ancestor · speciation · taxonomy · bootstrap · selection pressure · conservation · duplication · adaptation
gene expression
DNA to functional product
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
- transcriptVerbatim written account
- splicingConnecting by interweaving ends
mRNA · regulatory · promoter · enrichment · heatmap · normalization · quantification · single-cell · network analysis
sequencing
Determining element order
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- DNAHereditary code molecule
- alignmentCorrect relative positioning
annotation · assembly · variant · mutation · chromosome · nucleotide · base pair · scaffold · genotyping · haplotype
precision medicine
Treatment based on individual characteristics
- biomarkerMeasurable biological health signal
- diagnosticsMethods identifying problems
- pharmacogenomicsGene-based drug response study
pathogenicity · clinical trial · oncology · rare disease · genetic counseling · GWAS · therapeutic · FDA
Bioinformaticstheoretical physics
Nature explained through equations
pure mathematics · philosophy · humanities · literary criticism · art history
bio, informatics, inform, information, informational, informative, informed, informer, informing