quern
Grain grinding stone
A quern is a simple hand mill for grinding grain, consisting of two circular stones—one stationary, one rotated by hand.
Before mechanized milling, querns were household essentials.
The word survives mainly in historical and archaeological contexts: They found a Roman quern at the excavation site.
Handheld grinding stone
- grindstoneRotating stone for sharpening
- basaltFine-grained volcanic stone
- graniteIgneous rock, quartz-rich
- sandstoneCemented grain sediment
Cereal crop for flour
- barleyGrain for malt
- oatsCereal grain for porridge
- ryeHardy cereal crop
- sorghumWarm-climate cereal grass
millet · corn · spelt · emmer · cereal · flour · meal · chaff
Final Stone Age period
- stone-agePre-metalworking human era
- prehistoricBefore documented civilization
- artifactHuman-made historical object
- relicPreserved ancient object
antiquity · primitive · ancestral · tribal · indigenous · ancient · olden · bygone
Crush into particles
- crushCompress with force
- pulverizeCrush to powder
- powderFine dry particles
- granulateConvert to granules
comminute · meal · grist · flour · husk · bran · coarse · fine
Act of unearthing
- archaeologistOne who excavates antiquities
- digUnearth by shoveling
- stratigraphyStudy of rock layers
- carbon-datingIsotope-based age measurement
lithic · potsherd · hearth · ceramics · flintknapping · site · find · museum
handstone
Handheld grinding stone
- grindstoneRotating stone for sharpening
- basaltFine-grained volcanic stone
- graniteIgneous rock, quartz-rich
wheat
Cereal crop for flour
sorghum · millet · corn · spelt · emmer · cereal · flour · meal · chaff · kernel
neolithic
Final Stone Age period
- stone-agePre-metalworking human era
- prehistoricBefore documented civilization
- artifactHuman-made historical object
relic · antiquity · primitive · ancestral · tribal · indigenous · ancient · olden · bygone · heritage
grind
Crush into particles
granulate · comminute · meal · grist · flour · husk · bran · coarse · fine · abrasion
excavation
Act of unearthing
- archaeologistOne who excavates antiquities
- digUnearth by shoveling
- stratigraphyStudy of rock layers
carbon-dating · lithic · potsherd · hearth · ceramics · flintknapping · site · find · museum · preservation
- Pre-electric technologywaterwheel, water wheel, windlass, pulley, plow
- ancient kitchenwaremortar, pestle, clay pot, cooking pot, wooden spoon
- folk toolsadze, awl, hoe, rake, scythe
- grindersgrinder, angle grinder, bench grinder, burr grinder, coffee grinder
- kitchen antiquescauldron, hearth, cast iron pot, cast iron skillet, butter churn
- millingmill, grist mill, mills, corn mill, grain mill