counter-propaganda
Defensive information warfare
Counter-propaganda is communication designed to oppose or neutralize hostile propaganda.
It may debunk false claims, expose manipulation techniques, or present alternative narratives: The agency launched a counter-propaganda campaign to combat election misinformation.
The term often appears in military and political contexts where information warfare is explicit.
Intentional deceptive falsehoods
- psychological operationsInfluencing adversary perceptions strategically
- information warfareWeaponized communication against adversaries
- narrative controlAuthority over storytelling direction
- messagingSending written digital communications
rebuttal · debunking · fact-checking · media literacy · inoculation · prebunking · narrative warfare · refutation
Government-run news organizations
- Voice of AmericaFederal international broadcasting service
- Radio Free EuropeWestern broadcast to Soviet bloc
- BBC World ServiceUK international radio broadcaster
- public affairsConcerns of collective interest
foreign service · jamming · shortwave · broadcasting · psychological warfare · press office · state department · cultural diplomacy
Radical countercultural publishing network
- samizdatClandestine dissident publishing
- leafletsBrief printed information sheets
- graffitiIllegal surface markings
- subversionUndermining established authority
dissent · activism · truth-telling · whistleblowing · exposure · alternative media · citizen journalism · dissident
Organized disinformation operations online
- social media monitoringTracking online platform activity
- source verificationConfirming information origin authenticity
- digital forensicsAnalyzing electronic evidence legally
- hashtag hijackingAppropriating trending topic markers
fact-checker · media manipulation · astroturfing · viral spread
disinformation
Intentional deceptive falsehoods
- psychological operationsInfluencing adversary perceptions strategically
- information warfareWeaponized communication against adversaries
- narrative controlAuthority over storytelling direction
messaging · rebuttal · debunking · fact-checking · media literacy · inoculation · prebunking · narrative warfare · refutation · counternarrative
state media
Government-run news organizations
- Voice of AmericaFederal international broadcasting service
- Radio Free EuropeWestern broadcast to Soviet bloc
- BBC World ServiceUK international radio broadcaster
public affairs · foreign service · jamming · shortwave · broadcasting · psychological warfare · press office · state department · cultural diplomacy
underground press
Radical countercultural publishing network
- samizdatClandestine dissident publishing
- leafletsBrief printed information sheets
- graffitiIllegal surface markings
subversion · dissent · activism · truth-telling · whistleblowing · exposure · alternative media · citizen journalism · dissident · coded messages
troll farms
Organized disinformation operations online
- social media monitoringTracking online platform activity
- source verificationConfirming information origin authenticity
- digital forensicsAnalyzing electronic evidence legally
hashtag hijacking · fact-checker · media manipulation · astroturfing · viral spread
- propagandabrainwashing, disinformation, misinformation, indoctrination, agitprop
- Radical Artanti-art, guerrilla art, protest art, radical art, resistance art
- underground mediaunderground press, underground newspapers, fanzines, zines, underground newspaper
- samizdatsamizdat, underground press, underground newspaper, banned book, banned books
counter-propagandapropaganda
Biased information for influence
disinformation · misinformation · state propaganda · fake news · agitprop
counter-propagandapropaganda
Biased information for influence
disinformation · indoctrination · brainwashing · manipulation · spin