file formats

Digital storage types

File formats are standardized ways of encoding information for storage or transmission.

Different formats serve different purposes: JPEG compresses photographs, PDF preserves document layout, MP3 stores audio.

A format specifies how data is organized so software can read and write it correctly.

The video won't play—wrong file format.

Save it in a format everyone can open.

audio

mp3

Compressed audio encoding

  • wavAudio file extension
  • midiMid-calf garment length
  • m4aAudio container format

opus · ape · bitrate · sampling · lossless · lossy · codec · stereo · mono · surround

image

tiff

Minor interpersonal dispute

  • rawIn original state
  • pdfFixed-layout file format
  • rasterGrid of pixels

vector · lossless · compression · transparency · resolution · thumbnail · preview · metadata · animated

video

codec

Data compression algorithm

bitrate · framerate · resolution · transcoding · subtitles

code

java

Slang for brewed beans

  • shVoiceless fricative digraph
  • batFlying mammal or sports club
  • exeProgram file suffix

jar · binary · source · script · compiled · interpreted · executable · markup · stylesheet · config

document

pdf

Fixed-layout file format

  • docPhysician or file, shortened
  • txtShort mobile message
  • mobiE-reader file format

pages · latex · markdown · plaintext · pagination · ebook · reader · portable · print · export

data

xlsx

Excel file format

parsing · import · export · tabular · structured · interchange

Categories
Opposites
structure vs content

file formatsdata

Facts for analysis

content · payload · raw data · meaning · substance

standardization

file formatsbitstream

Sequential binary data transmission

blob

abstraction level

file formatsstorage media

Hardware holding saved data

hardware · magnetic storage · physical medium · hard drives

Family

file, format, formats, formatted, formatting, reformat, reformatting, reformatted, unformatted

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