Spanish Netherlands
Belgium before independence
The Spanish Netherlands was the portion of the Low Countries under Spanish Habsburg rule from the mid-16th to early 18th century, roughly corresponding to modern Belgium and Luxembourg.
After the northern provinces broke away to form the Dutch Republic, the Spanish Netherlands remained Catholic and under Habsburg control: The Spanish Netherlands served as a buffer between France and the Dutch Republic.
Belgian port city
- BrusselsBelgian capital
- GhentEast Flanders provincial seat
- BrugesFlemish canal city
- LiègeBelgian Francophone city
Lille · Ypres · Maastricht · Louvain
Dutch independence conflict against Spain
- William of OrangeDutch-born English sovereign
- iconoclasmAttacking revered traditions
- Treaty of Westphalia1648 sovereignty-establishing peace
- religious persecutionHarming others for faith
Three small European nations
- FlandersNorthern Belgian region
- ArtoisFormer northern French province
- LuxembourgEuropean grand duchy
- LimburgCross-border European region
Ancient Macedonian ruler
- Counter-ReformationChurch's internal reform movement
- CatholicismPapal Christian denomination
- Council of TrentCatholic ecclesiastical congress addressing reformation
- viceroyaltyTerritory under delegated sovereignty
Western European constitutional monarchy
- partitionBarrier separating spaces
- FlemishBelgian Dutch variant
- WalloonBelgian Romance language
- Catholic identityConnection to the Roman church
Antwerp
Belgian port city
Liège · Lille · Ypres · Maastricht · Louvain
Eighty Years' War
Dutch independence conflict against Spain
- William of OrangeDutch-born English sovereign
- iconoclasmAttacking revered traditions
- Treaty of Westphalia1648 sovereignty-establishing peace
Low Countries
Three small European nations
- FlandersNorthern Belgian region
- ArtoisFormer northern French province
- LuxembourgEuropean grand duchy
Philip II
Ancient Macedonian ruler
- Counter-ReformationChurch's internal reform movement
- CatholicismPapal Christian denomination
- Council of TrentCatholic ecclesiastical congress addressing reformation
Belgium
Western European constitutional monarchy
- 1500sElizabeth I, Shakespeare, Protestant Reformation, Martin Luther, Henry VIII
- Low CountriesBelgium, Holland, Amsterdam, Brussels, Luxembourg
- Low Countries HistoryDutch Golden Age, Dutch Republic, William of Orange, Peace of Westphalia, Dutch East India Company
- Utrecht EraTreaty of Utrecht, Louis XIV, Queen Anne, Gibraltar, Minorca
- Philip IIPhilip II, Armada, Battle of Lepanto, Alba, Inquisition
- Hispanic WorldSpain, Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, Peru
Spanish NetherlandsDutch Republic
Reformed confederation, 1581-1795