Indian philosophy
Dharmic intellectual traditions
Indian philosophy encompasses the diverse schools of thought originating in the Indian subcontinent, including Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain traditions.
These systems address questions of consciousness, reality, liberation, and ethical conduct.
Major schools include Vedanta, Yoga, and Nyaya among orthodox traditions that accept Vedic authority, while Buddhism and Jainism developed independently.
She studied Indian philosophy to understand concepts like karma and dharma.
Hindu philosophy of ultimate reality
- YogaMind-body discipline from India
- BuddhismEnlightenment-seeking Eastern religion
- JainismIndian religion emphasizing nonviolence
- Kashmir ShaivismNondual tantric tradition from northern India
Cosmic moral order
- karmaSpiritual cause and effect
- ahimsaHindu principle of harmlessness
- satyaSanskrit term for reality
- righteousnessMoral correctness or virtue
duty · non-violence · truthfulness · virtue · moral law · right action · consequences · intention
Vedic philosophical scriptures
- shrutiIndian microtonal pitch interval
- SanskritAncient Indo-Aryan language
- sacrificeGiving up something precious
- AgniVedic flame deity
Indra · mantras · rituals · oral tradition · cosmic order
Hindu philosophical dialogue
- UpanishadsVedic philosophical scriptures
- commentariesExplanatory notes on texts
Release from rebirth cycle
- nirvanaRelease from cyclical existence
- samsaraCycle of rebirth
- reincarnationSoul's rebirth after death
- transmigrationSoul passing into another body
rebirth · bondage · freedom · self-realization · enlightenment
Mind-body exercise discipline
- meditationFocused attention practice
- samadhiProfound meditative absorption state
- pranayamaYogic breath control technique
- mantraRepeated focus phrase
tapas · guru · disciple · renunciation · ashram · contemplation · self-discipline · spiritual practice
Supreme cosmic reality
- AtmanHindu eternal essence
- mayaPhenomenal world's deceptive nature
- rajasQuality of passion, motion
- monismSingle-substance metaphysics
dualism · non-dualism · consciousness · reality · illusion · causation · substance · universals
Mental interpretation of stimuli
- inferenceConclusion reached through reasoning
- testimonySworn statement as evidence
- comparisonAssessment of similarities
- postulationAssuming something as given
Vedanta
Hindu philosophy of ultimate reality
dharma
Cosmic moral order
righteousness · duty · non-violence · truthfulness · virtue · moral law · right action · consequences · intention · varna
Upanishads
Vedic philosophical scriptures
- shrutiIndian microtonal pitch interval
- SanskritAncient Indo-Aryan language
- sacrificeGiving up something precious
Agni · Indra · mantras · rituals · oral tradition · cosmic order
Bhagavad Gita
Hindu philosophical dialogue
- UpanishadsVedic philosophical scriptures
- commentariesExplanatory notes on texts
moksha
Release from rebirth cycle
- nirvanaRelease from cyclical existence
- samsaraCycle of rebirth
- reincarnationSoul's rebirth after death
transmigration · rebirth · bondage · freedom · self-realization · enlightenment
yoga
Mind-body exercise discipline
- meditationFocused attention practice
- samadhiProfound meditative absorption state
- pranayamaYogic breath control technique
mantra · tapas · guru · disciple · renunciation · ashram · contemplation · self-discipline · spiritual practice · austerity
Brahman
Supreme cosmic reality
monism · dualism · non-dualism · consciousness · reality · illusion · causation · substance · universals · particulars
perception
Mental interpretation of stimuli
- inferenceConclusion reached through reasoning
- testimonySworn statement as evidence
- comparisonAssessment of similarities
postulation · cognition · doubt · error · truth
- philosophiesempiricism, stoicism, nihilism, idealism, materialism
- philosophyethics, logic, metaphysics, ontology, epistemology
- IndologySanskrit, Vedas, Upanishads, Mahabharata, Ramayana
- Hindu educationgurus, Sanskrit, traditional knowledge, Vedas, Upanishads
- Indian Reformsocial reform
- Sanskrit scienceAyurveda
Indian philosophyWestern philosophy
European tradition of reasoned inquiry
Greek philosophy · Chinese philosophy · ancient Greek philosophy · French philosophy
Indian philosophyscientism
Overvaluing empirical methods alone
empiricism · naturalism · physicalism · reductionism · Vienna Circle
Indian philosophymaterialism
Prioritizing goods over spirit
physicalism · secular humanism · nihilism · reductionism · Epicureanism