G-banding
Giemsa stain technique
G-banding is a laboratory technique for staining chromosomes to reveal distinctive patterns of light and dark bands.
The banding pattern is unique to each chromosome, allowing geneticists to identify individual chromosomes and detect abnormalities like deletions, duplications, or translocations: G-banding revealed a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22.
The G stands for Giemsa, the stain used.
DNA strand carrying genes
- stainingApplying dye or pigment
- trypsinPancreatic digestive protease
- karyotypeOrganized chromosome display
- metaphaseChromosomal equator formation stage
cytogenetics · digest · incubation · denaturation · fixation · microscopy · resolution · striping
Visualizing chromosomal arrangement
- chromosomal abnormalityStructural or numerical DNA error
- translocationMovement to another place
- deletionRemoval of content
- duplicationMaking an identical copy
Down syndrome · trisomy · genetic disorder · prenatal testing · amniocentesis · constitutional · acquired · leukemia
Notable point of reference
- centromereChromosome's spindle attachment site
- telomereProtective chromosome terminus
- ideogramSymbol representing concept directly
- numberingAssigning sequential figures
chromosome
DNA strand carrying genes
- stainingApplying dye or pigment
- trypsinPancreatic digestive protease
- karyotypeOrganized chromosome display
metaphase · cytogenetics · digest · incubation · denaturation · fixation · microscopy · resolution · striping · protocol
karyotyping
Visualizing chromosomal arrangement
- chromosomal abnormalityStructural or numerical DNA error
- translocationMovement to another place
- deletionRemoval of content
duplication · Down syndrome · trisomy · genetic disorder · prenatal testing · amniocentesis · constitutional · acquired · leukemia · genetic counseling
landmark
Notable point of reference
- centromereChromosome's spindle attachment site
- telomereProtective chromosome terminus
- ideogramSymbol representing concept directly
numbering · nomenclature · signature · identification · region
- Cytogeneticskaryotyping, karyotype, chromosomes, autosomes, sex chromosomes
- chromosomeschromosomes, chromosome, centromere, chromatin, telomerase
- geneticsDNA, allele, genotype, genes, gene