roughening
Creating surface texture
Roughening is the process of making a surface less smooth, or the state of becoming rough.
The term appears in technical contexts—roughening of metal before bonding, roughening of skin from cold weather—and describes both deliberate action and natural change.
A surface undergoing roughening develops texture, friction, or irregularity where smoothness existed before.
Shallow surface wound
- scuffingSurface abrasion from friction
- scrapingRubbing away material
- scratchingRaking with nails
- chafingIrritation from friction
scoring · etching · knurling · texturing · grooving · crosshatching · stippling · matting
Abrasive-coated finishing material
- sandingFriction-smoothing a surface
- gritDetermination or abrasive particles
- emeryGranular polishing mineral
- pumiceLightweight volcanic abrasive
corundum · carborundum · grinding · filing · rasping · buffing · lapping · blasting
Gradual wearing away
- corrosionChemical wearing away
- oxidationLosing electrons chemically
- rustingMetal oxidation process
- decayGradual organic breakdown
deterioration · crumbling · disintegration · decomposition · exfoliation · spalling · pitting · leaching
abrasion
Shallow surface wound
- scuffingSurface abrasion from friction
- scrapingRubbing away material
- scratchingRaking with nails
chafing · scoring · etching · knurling · texturing · grooving · crosshatching · stippling · matting · frosting
sandpaper
Abrasive-coated finishing material
- sandingFriction-smoothing a surface
- gritDetermination or abrasive particles
- emeryGranular polishing mineral
pumice · corundum · carborundum · grinding · filing · rasping · buffing · lapping · blasting · scour
erosion
Gradual wearing away
decay · deterioration · crumbling · disintegration · decomposition · exfoliation · spalling · pitting · leaching · rotting
- texture changessmoothing, softening, hardening, wrinkling, cracking
- application techniquesbrushing, rolling, spraying, dipping, sponging
- frictionfriction, rubbing, abrading, friction burn, rolling friction
- deformingbending, twisting, warping, curving, folding
- Process Stepscutting, grinding, sanding, polishing, mixing
- surface finishingpolishing, buffing, sanding, grinding, varnishing
rougheningsmoothing
Reducing irregularities systematically
polishing · smoothening · buffing · burnishing · planing
rougheningpolishing
Smoothing by friction
refining · perfecting · finishing · completing · beautifying
rough, roughly, roughness, roughest, rougher, roughen, roughened, roughens