permafrost
Ever-frozen arctic soil
Permafrost is ground that remains frozen for at least two consecutive years, found in polar regions and high mountains.
It can extend hundreds of meters deep, with only a thin surface layer thawing seasonally.
Climate scientists track permafrost because its thawing releases stored carbon: As permafrost melts, it accelerates global warming.
Frozen matter liquefying
- methaneSimplest alkane fuel
- carbon sinkCO2 storage reservoir
- greenhouse gasesEmissions that trap heat
- climate changePlanetary atmospheric transformation
feedback loop · global warming · degradation · infrastructure damage · coastal erosion · cryosphere · polar regions
Of extreme northern cold
- caribouNorth American arctic deer
- reindeerArctic deer species
- lichenSymbiotic rock dweller
- mossesSmall spore-bearing plants
tussocks · muskeg · sedge · polygon · patterned ground · willow · birch · shrubland
Water's solid form
Subarctic evergreen biome
- peatlandWetland with accumulated plant matter
- spruceNeat; also a conifer
- larchDeciduous coniferous tree
- birchPale deciduous hardwood
subarctic · hummock · muskeg · wetland · Siberia · Alaska · Canada · Nordic
Fixed without end
- persistentContinuing despite difficulty
- ancientVery old indeed
- stableSecure and unchanging
- millenniaThousand-year periods
continuous · lasting · unchanged · deep · perennial · long-term · subsurface · underlying
thawing
Frozen matter liquefying
- methaneSimplest alkane fuel
- carbon sinkCO2 storage reservoir
- greenhouse gasesEmissions that trap heat
climate change · feedback loop · global warming · degradation · infrastructure damage · coastal erosion · cryosphere · polar regions
arctic
Of extreme northern cold
mosses · tussocks · muskeg · sedge · polygon · patterned ground · willow · birch · shrubland · alpine
ice
Water's solid form
taiga
Subarctic evergreen biome
- peatlandWetland with accumulated plant matter
- spruceNeat; also a conifer
- larchDeciduous coniferous tree
birch · subarctic · hummock · muskeg · wetland · Siberia · Alaska · Canada · Nordic · coniferous
permanent
Fixed without end
- persistentContinuing despite difficulty
- ancientVery old indeed
- stableSecure and unchanging
millennia · continuous · lasting · unchanged · deep · perennial · long-term · subsurface · underlying · extensive
- Canadian ArcticNunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon, Baffin Island, Yellowknife
- fossil sourcestar pits, amber, shale, limestone, sandstone
- Russian ArcticMurmansk, tundra, Northern Sea Route, polar bear, Arctic Ocean
- SiberiaLake Baikal, Baikal, Trans-Siberian Railway, Trans-Siberian, Vladivostok
- Yakutiadiamond mines, diamond mining, diamonds, koumiss
- cold thingsice, snow, ice cream, freezer, glacier
- thawing permafrostWarming of perpetually frozen ground
- permafrost meltWarming of perpetually frozen ground
- permafrost layer
- permafrost thawPermanently frozen soil melting
frozen, frost, frosty, frosting, frosted, refrigerator, defrost, refrigerate, frosts