glycosides
Sugar-bound molecular structures
Glycosides are compounds in which a sugar molecule is bonded to another molecule, often one with biological activity.
Plants produce many glycosides—some medicinal, some toxic.
Digoxin, a heart medication derived from foxglove, is a glycoside.
Cyanogenic glycosides in certain seeds release cyanide when metabolized.
The term appears frequently in pharmacology and biochemistry.
Foaming plant glycosides
- flavonoidsPolyphenolic plant metabolites
- isoflavonesPlant-based estrogen analogues
- catechinsPolyphenolic tea compounds
- quercetinPlant-derived antioxidant flavonoid
phytochemicals · polyphenols · tannins · phenolic · bioactive
Water-induced bond cleavage
- enzymesReaction-speeding proteins
- glycosyltransferasesEnzymes attaching saccharide units
- conjugationVerb form variation system
- biotransformationMetabolic chemical conversion
catabolism · degradation · bioactivation · detoxification · metabolites · excretion · pharmacokinetics · bioavailability
Binding tie or connection
- saccharideCarbohydrate unit
- hydrolysisWater-induced bond cleavage
- monosaccharidesSingle-molecule sugar units
- disaccharidesTwo linked simple sugars
sugar · linkage · cleavage · stereochemistry · configuration · glucoside
Cardiac glycoside from foxglove
- digitalisCardiac stimulant plant
- foxgloveTubular woodland flower
- oleanderToxic flowering evergreen shrub
- arrhythmiaAbnormal cardiac rhythm
Toxic HCN compound
- bitter almondsCyanogenic stone fruit seeds
- cassavaStarchy tropical root vegetable
- toxicityCapacity to cause harm
- hydrolysisWater-induced bond cleavage
beta-glucosidase · detoxification · sorghum · flax · lima beans
Plant-derived sugar alternative
- monk fruitMelon-derived natural sweetener
- licoriceAnise-flavored confection
- non-caloricHaving no caloric value
- sweetnessSugary taste quality
saponins
Foaming plant glycosides
- flavonoidsPolyphenolic plant metabolites
- isoflavonesPlant-based estrogen analogues
- catechinsPolyphenolic tea compounds
quercetin · phytochemicals · polyphenols · tannins · phenolic · bioactive
hydrolysis
Water-induced bond cleavage
- enzymesReaction-speeding proteins
- glycosyltransferasesEnzymes attaching saccharide units
- conjugationVerb form variation system
biotransformation · catabolism · degradation · bioactivation · detoxification · metabolites · excretion · pharmacokinetics · bioavailability · substrates
bond
Binding tie or connection
- saccharideCarbohydrate unit
- hydrolysisWater-induced bond cleavage
- monosaccharidesSingle-molecule sugar units
disaccharides · sugar · linkage · cleavage · stereochemistry · configuration · glucoside
digoxin
Cardiac glycoside from foxglove
hydrogen cyanide
Toxic HCN compound
- bitter almondsCyanogenic stone fruit seeds
- cassavaStarchy tropical root vegetable
- toxicityCapacity to cause harm
hydrolysis · beta-glucosidase · detoxification · sorghum · flax · lima beans
stevia
Plant-derived sugar alternative
- monk fruitMelon-derived natural sweetener
- licoriceAnise-flavored confection
- non-caloricHaving no caloric value
- cardiac glycosideHeart-strengthening plant compound
- glycoside hydrolaseEnzyme cleaving glycosidic bonds