demyelination
Axon sheath destruction
Demyelination is the loss or destruction of myelin, the protective fatty sheath surrounding nerve fibers.
Without this insulation, nerve signals slow or fail entirely, causing symptoms like numbness, weakness, or vision problems.
Multiple sclerosis is the most well-known demyelinating disease: The MRI showed areas of demyelination in her brain and spinal cord.
Autoimmune demyelinating neurological disease
- Charcot-Marie-ToothInherited motor-sensory neuropathy
- Krabbe diseaseInherited disorder destroying myelin
Neuron's signal-sending projection
- nerve fiberSignal-conducting neural extension
- white matterPale neural fiber tissue
- node of RanvierExposed axon between myelin
- saltatory conductionImpulse jumping between myelin gaps
astrocyte · microglia · neurodegeneration · central nervous system · peripheral nervous system · action potential
Area of pathological change
- plaqueInscribed memorial tablet
- sclerosisMorbid tissue hardening
- inflammationProtective tissue response
- autoimmuneBody attacks itself
spasticity · ataxia · paresthesia · nystagmus · diplopia · fatigue · weakness · numbness
Immune response protein
- corticosteroidsInflammation-suppressing steroid medications
- relapseReturn to former illness
- remissionTemporary disease absence
- rehabilitationRecovery from injury/addiction
multiple sclerosis
Autoimmune demyelinating neurological disease
- Charcot-Marie-ToothInherited motor-sensory neuropathy
- Krabbe diseaseInherited disorder destroying myelin
axon
Neuron's signal-sending projection
- nerve fiberSignal-conducting neural extension
- white matterPale neural fiber tissue
- node of RanvierExposed axon between myelin
saltatory conduction · astrocyte · microglia · neurodegeneration · central nervous system · peripheral nervous system · action potential
lesion
Area of pathological change
- plaqueInscribed memorial tablet
- sclerosisMorbid tissue hardening
- inflammationProtective tissue response
autoimmune · spasticity · ataxia · paresthesia · nystagmus · diplopia · fatigue · weakness · numbness · cognitive impairment
interferon
Immune response protein
- corticosteroidsInflammation-suppressing steroid medications
- relapseReturn to former illness
- remissionTemporary disease absence
- Brain Disordersdementia, Alzheimer's, epilepsy, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's disease
- degenerationdegeneration, neurodegeneration, atrophy, deterioration, cell death
- Brain Lesionstumor, glioma, meningioma, glioblastoma, metastasis
- brain pathologyneurodegeneration, atrophy, lesion, necrosis, infarct
- Leprosyleprosy, Hansen's disease, mycobacterium, bacillus, bacilli
- myelinmyelination