classical conditioning
Associative reflex training
Classical conditioning is a learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful one, eventually triggering the same response on its own.
The textbook example: Pavlov's dogs learned to salivate at a bell that preceded feeding.
The term distinguishes this automatic, involuntary learning from operant conditioning, which involves rewards and punishments for voluntary behavior.
- dogsDomesticated barking mammals
- salivationMouth producing digestive fluid
- bellHollow resonating instrument
- laboratoryFacility for scientific investigation
experiments · Nobel Prize · digestive system · metronome · Pavlov's dogs
Act of obtaining something
- extinctionComplete vanishing of a species
- generalizationDeriving principles from examples
- discriminationUnjust differential treatment
- contiguityState of touching directly
Mouth producing digestive fluid
- reflexInvoluntary stimulus response
- fear responseReaction to perceived danger
- eye blinkMomentary lid closure
- nauseaPre-vomiting stomach discomfort
startle · pupil dilation · heart rate change · sweating · muscle tension · emotional response
Treatment pairing unwanted behavior with discomfort
- counterconditioningReplacing conditioned response therapeutically
- floodingOverwhelming water accumulation
- exposure therapyAnxiety treatment through confrontation
- advertisingPaid promotional communication
Hollow resonating instrument
- toneQuality of sound
- lightVisible electromagnetic radiation
- metronomeAdjustable beat-marking device
- soundAudible wave phenomenon
taste · odor · flash · clicker · whistle · signal · cue · electric shock
Input-output behavioral pattern
- habituationDiminished reaction over time
- sensitizationIncreased responsiveness to stimuli
- adaptive behaviorContext-appropriate functional responses
- expectancyLikelihood of occurrence
Ivan Pavlov
- dogsDomesticated barking mammals
- salivationMouth producing digestive fluid
- bellHollow resonating instrument
laboratory · experiments · Nobel Prize · digestive system · metronome · Pavlov's dogs
acquisition
Act of obtaining something
- extinctionComplete vanishing of a species
- generalizationDeriving principles from examples
- discriminationUnjust differential treatment
salivation
Mouth producing digestive fluid
- reflexInvoluntary stimulus response
- fear responseReaction to perceived danger
- eye blinkMomentary lid closure
nausea · startle · pupil dilation · heart rate change · sweating · muscle tension · emotional response
aversion therapy
Treatment pairing unwanted behavior with discomfort
- counterconditioningReplacing conditioned response therapeutically
- floodingOverwhelming water accumulation
- exposure therapyAnxiety treatment through confrontation
advertising · addiction treatment · anxiety disorders · PTSD treatment
bell
Hollow resonating instrument
sound · taste · odor · flash · clicker · whistle · signal · cue · electric shock · noise
stimulus-response
Input-output behavioral pattern
- habituationDiminished reaction over time
- sensitizationIncreased responsiveness to stimuli
- adaptive behaviorContext-appropriate functional responses
- animal behavioranimal behavior, instincts, learned behavior, social behavior, territorial behavior
- psychologypsychology, psychologist, therapist, psychiatrist, clinical psychology
- Psychology HistoryFreud, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Jung, William James
- Psychology ResearchStanford prison experiment, Pavlov's dogs, marshmallow test, Skinner box, Rorschach test
- Conditioningoperant, reinforcement, stimulus, Pavlov, Skinner
- learned responsessalivation, aversion, avoidance, fear response, startle response
classical conditioningoperant conditioning
Learning via reinforcement
trial-and-error learning · reinforcement learning · cognitive learning · social learning · problem-solving
classical conditioningdeliberate practice
Methodical skill-building with feedback
classical, conditioning, classic, classics, classically, classicism, classicist, condition, conditions