chronic bronchitis
Long-term airway inflammation
Chronic bronchitis is long-term inflammation of the bronchial tubes, causing persistent cough and mucus production.
Unlike acute bronchitis, which clears up in weeks, chronic bronchitis lasts months or years and is typically caused by smoking or prolonged exposure to air pollution.
It's one of the conditions grouped under chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): He developed chronic bronchitis after decades of smoking.
Damaged lung air sacs
- COPDChronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- pneumoniaInfected, inflamed lung tissue
- asthmaChronic lung inflammation
- respiratory infectionDisease of breathing passages
tuberculosis · lung cancer · cystic fibrosis · respiratory failure
Forceful air expulsion reflex
- phlegmViscous airway secretion
- wheezingHarsh, whistling respiration
- dyspneaLabored respiration condition
- expectorationEjecting matter from airways
mucus · sputum · shortness of breath · chest tightness · fatigue · cyanosis · hypoxia · productive cough
Inhaling burning tobacco
- air pollutionToxic atmospheric contamination
- secondhand smokeAmbient cigarette exhalation others inhale
- chemical fumesHazardous airborne substance emissions
- smogSunlight-activated urban pollution
particulates · coal dust · silica · recurrent infections · genetic factors
Drugs that widen airways
- inhalerPortable respiratory medication device
- nebulizerMist-making breathing apparatus
- corticosteroidsInflammation-suppressing steroid medications
- antibioticsBacteria-destroying medicines
oxygen therapy · mucolytics · smoking cessation · flu vaccine · pneumonia vaccine · bronchoscopy · lung transplant
Lung airflow assessment
- pulmonologistPhysician treating breathing organs
- CT scanTomographic diagnostic imaging
- bronchoscopyInternal lung inspection via tube
- oximetryBlood oxygen level measurement
Main lung air passages
- lungsRespiratory chest organs
- airwaysRespiratory or flight paths
- tracheaRespiratory airway tube
- alveoliLung's gas-exchange chambers
bronchioles · cilia · mucous membrane · pulmonary arteries · diaphragm
Abnormal tissue enlargement
- irritationMild anger or inflammation
- edemaPathological tissue puffiness
- fibrosisPathological connective tissue buildup
- immune responseBody fighting foreign threats
emphysema
Damaged lung air sacs
- COPDChronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- pneumoniaInfected, inflamed lung tissue
- asthmaChronic lung inflammation
respiratory infection · tuberculosis · lung cancer · cystic fibrosis · respiratory failure
coughing
Forceful air expulsion reflex
- phlegmViscous airway secretion
- wheezingHarsh, whistling respiration
- dyspneaLabored respiration condition
expectoration · mucus · sputum · shortness of breath · chest tightness · fatigue · cyanosis · hypoxia · productive cough · smoker's cough
smoking
Inhaling burning tobacco
- air pollutionToxic atmospheric contamination
- secondhand smokeAmbient cigarette exhalation others inhale
- chemical fumesHazardous airborne substance emissions
smog · particulates · coal dust · silica · recurrent infections · genetic factors
bronchodilators
Drugs that widen airways
- inhalerPortable respiratory medication device
- nebulizerMist-making breathing apparatus
- corticosteroidsInflammation-suppressing steroid medications
antibiotics · oxygen therapy · mucolytics · smoking cessation · flu vaccine · pneumonia vaccine · bronchoscopy · lung transplant
spirometry
Lung airflow assessment
- pulmonologistPhysician treating breathing organs
- CT scanTomographic diagnostic imaging
- bronchoscopyInternal lung inspection via tube
oximetry · lung biopsy · FEV1
bronchi
Main lung air passages
alveoli · bronchioles · cilia · mucous membrane · pulmonary arteries · diaphragm
swelling
Abnormal tissue enlargement
- irritationMild anger or inflammation
- edemaPathological tissue puffiness
- fibrosisPathological connective tissue buildup
immune response · flare-up · exacerbation · cytokines · neutrophils
- chronic conditionsdiabetes, heart disease, asthma, arthritis, hypertension
- Respiratory Problemsasthma, pneumonia, COPD, emphysema, tuberculosis
- smoking harmslung cancer, emphysema, COPD, smoker's cough, nicotine addiction
- Chest Conditionspneumonia, asthma, emphysema, lung cancer, pneumothorax
- Chronic InfectionsHIV, AIDS, tuberculosis, TB, hepatitis B
- Lung Conditionsasthma, COPD, emphysema, pneumonia, tuberculosis
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