chemical bond
Molecular glue, essentially
A chemical bond is a force that holds atoms together in molecules or crystals.
Bonds form when atoms share or transfer electrons, creating stable arrangements.
The main types—covalent, ionic, and metallic—differ in how electrons are distributed between atoms.
The chemical bonds in water give it unusual properties.
Sharing electrons between atoms
- ionicConcerning charged particles
- metallicResembling ore-based elements
- van der WaalsWeak intermolecular attractive force
Outermost electrons determining reactivity
- electronegativityAtomic electron attraction strength
- hybridizationMixing distinct genetic lines
- resonanceAmplified oscillation at natural frequency
Positively charged ion
- anionNegatively charged ion
- sodium chlorideNaCl compound
- saltsSodium chloride crystals
- metalHard conductive solid
nonmetal · conductivity · solubility · halide · electrolyte
Having four triangular sides
- linearArranged in straight succession
- trigonalThree-angled in form
- polymerLarge repeated-unit molecule
- frameworkUnderlying support system
configuration · spatial arrangement · planar · bent · octahedral
Thermodynamic total heat quantity
- exothermicReleasing energy as heat
- endothermicAbsorbing thermal energy
- activation energyMinimum energy for transformation
- stabilityResistance to displacement
Attraction between partial charges
- polarityState of opposing forces
- cohesionTendency to bind together
- adhesionState of clinging fast
- surface tensionCohesive force at liquid interfaces
Without metal characteristics
- molecular compoundAtoms joined by shared electrons
- organic moleculeCarbon-based chemical unit
covalent
Sharing electrons between atoms
- ionicConcerning charged particles
- metallicResembling ore-based elements
- van der WaalsWeak intermolecular attractive force
valence electrons
Outermost electrons determining reactivity
- electronegativityAtomic electron attraction strength
- hybridizationMixing distinct genetic lines
- resonanceAmplified oscillation at natural frequency
cation
Positively charged ion
- anionNegatively charged ion
- sodium chlorideNaCl compound
- saltsSodium chloride crystals
metal · nonmetal · conductivity · solubility · halide · electrolyte
tetrahedral
Having four triangular sides
- linearArranged in straight succession
- trigonalThree-angled in form
- polymerLarge repeated-unit molecule
framework · configuration · spatial arrangement · planar · bent · octahedral
enthalpy
Thermodynamic total heat quantity
- exothermicReleasing energy as heat
- endothermicAbsorbing thermal energy
- activation energyMinimum energy for transformation
dipole-dipole
Attraction between partial charges
nonmetallic
Without metal characteristics
- molecular compoundAtoms joined by shared electrons
- organic moleculeCarbon-based chemical unit
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- bondscorporate bonds, municipal bonds, treasury bonds, savings bonds, junk bonds
- organic chemistrybenzene ring, carbon chain, carbon compounds, hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon
- bonding propertiesadhesion, cohesion, tack, tackiness, stickiness
- chemical bondscovalent bonds, ionic bonds, ionic, metallic, hydrogen bonds
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chemical bondbond cleavage
Breaking molecular connections
dissociation · bond breaking · separation · fragmentation · atomization
chemical bonddissociation
Mental separation from surroundings
bond cleavage · bond breaking · free radical · ionization · dissolution
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