adrenal glands
Hormone-producing kidney neighbors
The adrenal glands are small hormone-producing organs that sit atop the kidneys.
They release adrenaline in response to stress, triggering the fight-or-flight response—increased heart rate, heightened alertness, redirected blood flow.
They also produce cortisol and other hormones that regulate metabolism, immune function, and blood pressure.
Adrenal hormone controlling electrolytes
- norepinephrineAlertness and stress hormone
- DHEAAdrenal steroid precursor hormone
- androgensMasculinizing steroid hormones
- glucocorticoidsAdrenal cortex steroid hormones
catecholamines · steroid hormones · sex hormones · hormonal balance · zona glomerulosa · zona fasciculata
Adrenal stress hormone
- fight-or-flightAcute threat reaction
- surgeSudden powerful increase
- rushQuick sudden movement
- stress responseBody's reaction to threat
alertness · emergency · fear · panic · excitement · thrill · heartbeat · palpitations
Steroid regulating metabolism, immunity
- stress hormoneChemical released under pressure
- metabolismCellular nutrient conversion
- circadian rhythmBuilt-in sleep-wake cycle
- blood sugar regulationManaging circulating glucose concentration
immune suppression · inflammation · chronic stress · fatigue · cortisone · hydrocortisone · muscle breakdown · wound healing
Blood-filtering organ
- medullaInnermost organ tissue
- cortexOrgan's external tissue
- triangularThree-cornered in form
- capsuleEnclosed dose container
blood supply · retroperitoneal · endocrine gland · vascularization · innervation
aldosterone
Adrenal hormone controlling electrolytes
- norepinephrineAlertness and stress hormone
- DHEAAdrenal steroid precursor hormone
- androgensMasculinizing steroid hormones
glucocorticoids · catecholamines · steroid hormones · sex hormones · hormonal balance · zona glomerulosa · zona fasciculata
epinephrine
Adrenal stress hormone
- fight-or-flightAcute threat reaction
- surgeSudden powerful increase
- rushQuick sudden movement
stress response · alertness · emergency · fear · panic · excitement · thrill · heartbeat · palpitations · tachycardia
glucocorticoid
Steroid regulating metabolism, immunity
- stress hormoneChemical released under pressure
- metabolismCellular nutrient conversion
- circadian rhythmBuilt-in sleep-wake cycle
blood sugar regulation · immune suppression · inflammation · chronic stress · fatigue · cortisone · hydrocortisone · muscle breakdown · wound healing
kidney
Blood-filtering organ
- medullaInnermost organ tissue
- cortexOrgan's external tissue
- triangularThree-cornered in form
capsule · blood supply · retroperitoneal · endocrine gland · vascularization · innervation
Conn's syndrome
Adrenal tumor causing hypertension
- adrenalectomyExcision of suprarenal glands
- stressstress, chronic stress, acute stress, strain, stressor
- pairspair, pairs, two, duo, duos
- endocrine glandsparathyroid glands, parathyroid, pineal gland, pineal, pituitary gland
- glandssalivary gland, sweat gland, sebaceous gland, thyroid gland, pituitary gland
- pubertypuberty, voice cracking, adolescence, growth spurts, body hair
- Osmoregulationosmoregulation, osmosis, osmotic pressure, water balance, electrolyte balance
adrenal glandsvagus nerve
Major parasympathetic cranial pathway
adrenarche, adrenaline, adrenal, adrenalin, adrenalized, adrenals, adrenal gland